Black porpoise breeding

The black porpoise, native to the mountainous regions of Yunnan, is a small herbivorous mammal weighing between 1.0 and 1.5 kg. It holds significant value for both culinary and medicinal purposes. After 3 to 4 months of proper feeding, it can reach a weight of 0.75 kg, making it a popular choice among local communities. The meat is known for its tender texture, easy digestibility, and rich flavor, earning it the nickname "a physical treasure." Additionally, its fur is valuable for processing and utilization. Below are the key farming techniques that ensure successful rearing. First, understanding their living habits is essential. Black porpoises are social animals that prefer group settings. They are timid and easily startled by loud noises or sudden movements. Their entire body is covered in black fur, with dark eyes, a black mouth, and short limbs. They lack a tail and have poor jumping ability, and they rarely bite or attack humans. As long as rodent threats are controlled, they can be raised in open cages or ponds without much difficulty. However, they are highly sensitive to noise. Sudden sounds from humans or other animals can cause panic, so it's crucial to maintain a quiet environment. When hungry, they respond to the sound of footsteps with a squeaky noise. During mating season, males will follow females with soft calls and gentle chasing. In response to unusual sounds, the entire group becomes alert and "resonates" to show vigilance. For feeding facilities, there are several methods suitable for different scales of farming. Cage rearing is ideal for small-scale operations, allowing better control over feeding and hygiene. Cages can be made from wood, bamboo, or wire mesh, typically measuring around 60 cm x 50 cm x 40 cm. Flat-type pond systems are suitable for homes or small spaces, using partitions to create small pools (0.5–1.0 m²) filled with wood chips or hay for warmth and moisture absorption. A more advanced method is three-dimensional factory-style breeding, which involves multi-level structures with sloped bottoms for easier waste removal. This system allows for higher density, with about 8–10 individuals per square meter. The diet of black porpoises must be nutritionally balanced to support growth, development, and reproduction. As herbivores, they require a high amount of green vegetation, such as fresh grass, corn leaves, sugarcane leaves, vegetables, carrots, and sweet potatoes. Concentrates like cornmeal, wheat bran, and rice bran are also essential. Pellet feed for piglets can be used as an alternative. Fresh green material should be provided daily to prevent nutritional deficiencies. Daily management involves careful feeding practices. Moldy feed must be avoided, and compound feeds are preferred. If pellets are used, clean water should be available at all times. Adults should be fed twice a day, with about 40 grams of concentrate and 250 grams of fresh green material. The feeding area should remain clean, and waste should be removed daily. The room temperature should be kept between 18–25°C, with humidity around 45–55%. Winter heating is necessary to keep them comfortable. To ensure successful breeding, the environment must be free from rodents and snakes. Breeders should monitor the animals closely, observing any changes in behavior or health. Females give birth after 56–68 days of gestation, with litters ranging from 1 to 6 offspring. Males reach sexual maturity at around 70 days, but females should not be bred until 70 days post-maturity to ensure healthy reproduction. Newborns begin eating solid food within 3–5 days and are weaned by 15–20 days, after which they are separated for individual care.

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