First, it's essential to identify the underlying causes of non-estrus in sows. Various factors such as breed type, exposure to boars, seasonal changes, weather conditions, lactation duration, number of piglets, housing environment, nutrition levels, and overall management can all influence estrus behavior. Proper feeding and management are especially critical for lactating sows. Poor nutrition can lead to thinness, while excessive nutrition may result in obesity, both of which can disrupt normal estrus cycles. It is important to address these issues by adjusting feed quality and quantity based on individual sow conditions.
Second, if a sow is not showing signs of estrus, delaying puberty might be necessary. This can be achieved by moving the sow to a different area, increasing her interaction with a boar, providing more space, or offering green feed. In some cases, administering 300–500 IU of a hormonal supplement via intravenous or intramuscular injection can help stimulate estrus.
Third, for sows that have just been weaned, subcutaneous or intramuscular injections of pregnant mare serum (15–25 ml) or whole blood can be effective. Alternatively, pregnant hormone serum gonadotropin (1000–1500 IU) can be injected once or twice. Chorionic gonadotropin (500–1000 IU) may also be given intravenously or intramuscularly, with repeat doses every one to two days.
Fourth, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) at a dose of 100–300 IU can be administered intravenously or intramuscularly every other day, typically over 3–4 sessions. This not only helps induce ovulation in sows that are eager to breed but also improves fertility rates and farrowing success. These methods should always be used under the guidance of a veterinarian to ensure safety and effectiveness.
Anthocyanin
Anthocyanidin, also known as anthocyanin, is a class of water-soluble natural pigments, flavonoid compounds, widely found in plants. It is also the main coloring substance in plant petals, and most of the colorful colors of fruits, vegetables and flowers are related to it.Anthocyanins belong to the flavonoids (flavonoids) of the phenolic compounds.
Anthocyanins provide a variety of benefits to the human body. Fundamentally, anthocyanins are a powerful anti
oxidizer, which protects the body from damage caused by a harmful substance called free radicals. Anthocyanins also enhance the elasticity of blood vessels, improve the circulatory system and smoothness of the skin, inhibit inflammation and allergies, and improve the flexibility of joints.
Also used in cosmetics, such as red anthocyanins for lipstick. These commercial pigments (in addition to grape skin pigment) is a common feature of light, heat, oxygen stability, microbial stability. Generally soluble in water and ethanol, insoluble in vegetable oil.
There are over 300 different anthocyanins in nature. They come from different fruits and vegetables such as purple sweet potatoes, lingonberries, cranberries, blueberries, black goji berries, grapes, elderberries, blackcurrants, purple carrots, and red kale, ranging in color from red to blue. These anthocyanins mainly contain Delchindin, Cyanidin, Petunidin and Peonidin. Of these, blueberries contain the largest amount of anthocyanins and have the most nutritional value.
Anthocyanins,Cyanidin,Proantho Cyanidins
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