Measures to Prevent Death of Straw Mushrooms

In the process of straw mushroom cultivation, it's common to observe young mushrooms wilting and dying, which leads to significant economic losses for growers. There are several key factors that contribute to this problem, and understanding them can help improve yield and quality. First, the substrate's pH level plays a crucial role. Straw mushrooms thrive in an alkaline environment, and if the pH is below 6, although the mushrooms may form, their growth will be stunted. An acidic environment also promotes the growth of harmful molds like green or yellow mold, which compete with the mushrooms for nutrients and eventually cause their death. To prevent this, the pH of the growing medium should be adjusted to around 8 during preparation. After the first harvest, spraying 1% lime water or 5% wood ash solution can help maintain the ideal pH balance. Second, temperature is another critical factor. If the substrate temperature drops below 28°C, the growth of straw mushrooms is significantly affected, and in extreme cases, the young mushrooms may die. Sudden temperature changes, such as those caused by cold fronts or typhoons, can lead to rapid cooling and result in widespread damage. In severe cases, even fully grown mushrooms may perish. Third, improper watering practices can also harm the crop. Straw mushrooms require water at a temperature close to room temperature. Spraying very cold water, such as from a deep well, during hot weather can shock the young mushrooms and cause mass mortality. It’s best to spray water in the early morning or late evening, using water that is around 30°C. Additionally, the watering method should vary depending on the growth stage. During the early stages, when the fruiting bodies are small, excessive moisture can be harmful. During the needle and button stages, it's important to avoid spraying directly on the substrate surface. Instead, water should be applied to the pathways and the floor to increase humidity without over-saturating the material. Lastly, physical damage during harvesting can also lead to mushroom loss. The mycelium of straw mushrooms is delicate and can be easily disturbed. If the picking process is too rough, it can damage nearby mushrooms and disrupt nutrient and water supply. To minimize this, pickers should handle the mushrooms gently, supporting the base while twisting the mature ones off. When dealing with clusters, it's better to remove them all at once to avoid damaging the surrounding immature mushrooms. By carefully managing these factors—pH, temperature, watering, and harvesting—growers can significantly reduce losses and improve the overall success of their straw mushroom production.

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