Wang Lian

Wang Lian, also known as the water lily, is a perennial aquatic plant belonging to the Nymphaeaceae family. It has short, upright rhizomes and well-developed basal roots. Its leaves float on the water surface, round or disc-shaped, with a diameter of 1.8 meters or more. The flowers are bisexual, reaching up to 30 cm in diameter, with four sepals and numerous spines on the back. The petals are oblong and lanceolate, numbering between 50 to 70. When blooming, the buds rise from the water and open in the evening of the first day. The petals are white with a rich fragrance, closing by morning and reopening in the afternoon with a pink hue. By the third morning, the petals curl inward, turning red and sinking into the water. After about two months of flowering, the fruit matures, containing 200 to 300 seeds. Native to South America, Wang Lian thrives in high water and air temperatures (25°C to 35°C) and high humidity (80%). It requires ample sunlight and fertile loam soil. In the 1950s, China introduced two varieties: Amazon Wang Lian and Paraguayan Wang Lian. The author cultivated the Paraguayan variety at the Children's Center in China, also known as Cruz Lianlian or Argentine Wang Lian. These plants have leaf diameters of 1.5 to 1.6 meters, with edges rising 12 to 18 cm. Their leaf veins are dark red, and they are relatively easy to grow. Wang Lian reproduces through seeds, and it is rarely propagated as a perennial. At the beginning of January, in a greenhouse, fresh compost soil is used in new seedling pots, leaving one centimeter space for sowing. The cover soil should be twice the thickness of the seeds. Water is then added, and the seedlings are placed in a large basin with an inner diameter of 60 cm. A thermometer and a heating bar are installed, set to maintain a temperature of 30°C automatically. Water is filled to 1 cm above the seedling pot, and a 15-watt air pump is used to oxygenate the water. The water temperature remains stable, the quality is fresh, and the soil is protected from moss and bacteria. Approximately 40 days after sowing, the seeds germinate. The first and second leaves are conical, while the third is pod-shaped. After developing six or seven leaves, the shape gradually becomes round. At this stage, the seedlings can be divided into small pots with a diameter of 10 cm, allowing the leaves to float on the surface. Each large basin can hold 8 to 10 small pots. When nighttime temperatures exceed 15°C, the seedlings can be moved outdoors for conservation. For festival exhibitions, Wang Lian can be planted in large pots measuring 1 meter in diameter. Once the seedlings’ leaves reach 20 cm, they are transplanted into larger pots filled with fertile loam, ensuring protection of the growing tip. Wang Lian benefits from organic fertilizer; horse hooves can be spread under the pot as base fertilizer (1,000 grams). The water should not be too deep, and no floating leaves should be present to allow better light penetration and increase water temperature. As the water warms, the plant grows rapidly, so the water level must be adjusted regularly. Adult plants require 1 meter of water depth and a surface area of 30 square meters. When the plant develops 14 to 15 leaves, the leaf margins begin to rise, forming a disc. One leaf can grow over 1.3 meters within a week. At this point, additional fertilizer is applied—cooked malt residue mixed with urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and ferrous sulfate, made into 8 cm diameter, 20 cm high fertilizer bars, placed along the edge of the pot to promote leaf growth. Wang Lian’s leaves grow in a regular pattern, with older leaves decaying as new ones emerge. When the flower sinks underwater, a fine nylon bag is used to collect the seeds and prevent loss. By July, the seeds are full and can be retained. By August, they become mature but less viable. Seed China reminds users that by late October, the entire development cycle should be completed. After harvesting, the lotus seeds are washed and stored in a clean water bottle at a temperature above 20°C. If the temperature is too low, it may affect seed development in the following year.

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