How to keep agricultural machinery

Due to seasonal limitations on the use of agricultural machinery, the operational period each year is very short. For example, planters and harvesters are only used for more than ten days annually. This means that machines spend a significant amount of time in storage, making proper maintenance essential. If not properly cared for during this downtime, the damage caused by storage can be far greater than the wear and tear experienced during operation. **Damage to Machines During Storage** 1. **Mold Growth**: Textile components like canvas conveyor belts are prone to mold if not properly stored. These materials should be cleaned, dried, and kept in a dry, well-ventilated area to prevent insect infestation and degradation. 2. **Rubber Aging**: Rubber parts tend to degrade over time due to exposure to oxygen and ultraviolet light. This leads to loss of flexibility and increased risk of cracking or breaking. 3. **Wood Rotting**: Wooden components can rot due to moisture, microbial activity, and exposure to weather elements like rain, wind, and sun. This weakens the structure and reduces the lifespan of the machine. 4. **Deformation**: Certain mechanical parts may deform due to long-term stress or improper storage. Springs, belts, long arbors, and tires are particularly vulnerable to plastic deformation if not stored correctly. 5. **Metal Corrosion**: Rust is a major concern for metal parts, especially when exposed to oxygen and water vapor. Thin steel plates (1–1.5 mm thick) are most affected, with corrosion depths reaching 0.10–0.22 mm within a year. Over time, this can lead to structural failure. Cast iron is less susceptible to rust, but thin and dry steel components are at higher risk. 6. **Electrical Issues**: Electrical equipment can suffer from moisture damage, and batteries may self-discharge or lose charge over time, leading to reduced performance or failure. **Storage Maintenance Measures** 1. **Clean Storage Areas**: Ensure that storage spaces—such as fields, sheds, and warehouses—are kept clean and dry. For outdoor equipment, elevate them off the ground using bricks or stands to minimize contact with moisture and reduce corrosion risks. 2. **Thorough Inspection and Maintenance**: After the machine is no longer in use, perform a full inspection, cleaning, and necessary maintenance. Replace or repair any damaged parts promptly to avoid further issues. 3. **Protect Metal Surfaces**: Apply anti-rust oil or paraffin to metal parts for better protection. Paint sheet steel, angle steel, and wooden components using a primer and top coat to ensure strong adhesion and long-lasting protection. Choose paint types based on the environment and usage conditions. 4. **Remove Perishable Items**: Remove and store items like cotton products, electrical components, and rubber parts in dry locations. Batteries should be charged periodically during long-term storage to prevent sulfation and degradation. 5. **Relieve Stress on Components**: Loosen springs, remove belts, and unload tires on agricultural implements. Long tools should be hung vertically to prevent bending or warping. 6. **Proper Storage for Tractors**: For tractors left parked for extended periods, perform thorough maintenance, replace old fuel and lubricants, and close the engine compartment after cleaning. Lubricate the cylinder walls by injecting oil into the cylinders, then seal the intake and exhaust ports to protect internal components. By following these steps, you can significantly extend the life of your agricultural equipment and ensure it remains in good working condition for future seasons.

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