Several measures to increase breeding geese

To improve the economic benefits of goose farming, it is essential to focus on selecting high-quality breeding geese. Most farmers begin choosing goslings from March-hatched flocks in June and July, but at this stage, the geese are not yet fully mature. A second selection should be made in November to identify the best individuals for breeding. These geese should have tight, compact feathers, a healthy appearance, and good body structure. Male geese should be selected based on their size, long head and neck, and a strong, well-developed reproductive organ that can establish conditioned reflexes. For females, look for short necks, short legs, and a square-shaped back, ensuring they meet the standard weight for their breed. Any geese with poor development or small size should be culled. Breeding methods also play a crucial role. Before egg-laying, male geese are usually introduced to females in a 1:6 ratio. However, natural mating often leads to aggressive behavior among males, which can result in injuries to the penis and loss of breeding ability. To prevent this, regular checks should be conducted monthly during the breeding season, and any males with damaged reproductive organs should be removed. Small-breed geese can adapt well to artificial insemination, with a recommended male-to-female ratio of 1:10–15. For large breeds, artificial insemination using back-to-back massage and direct insertion is more effective. This method is simple and cost-effective, making it ideal for most farms. During winter, when fresh grass is limited, feeding full-price compound feed alone may not provide sufficient nutrition for breeding geese. Grazing combined with rice supplementation often falls short, leading to thin-shelled eggs and reduced productivity. By using balanced compound feed that meets all nutritional needs, the full potential of breeding geese can be achieved. Geese are herbivores with large digestive systems, so the crude fiber content in feed should be kept around 10%. The amount of feed should be adjusted based on grazing conditions, body weight, and egg production, typically about 200–250 grams per day, split into two meals. Studies show that geese fed in batches produce over 25% more eggs than those fed once a day. Increasing light exposure is another key factor. Breeding geese are usually encouraged to start laying eggs by late December, but natural daylight is only about 10 hours. To compensate, farmers should supplement lighting in the morning and evening, increasing the duration by 30 minutes each week until reaching 15 hours daily. This practice can boost egg production by more than 10% compared to relying solely on natural light. Disease prevention is equally important. Common threats include fleas, lice, and parasitic infections. One month before egg-laying, administer 50 mg of albendazole orally to each goose to eliminate parasites. Seven days later, vaccinate against fowl cholera and gosling plague. Adding 0.2% oxytetracycline powder to feed every two weeks for two months helps prevent bacterial diseases. Regular disinfection of the barn, egg areas, and surroundings with 100 ppm disinfectant is essential. Farmers should closely monitor the flock and promptly consult a veterinarian if any illness is detected. Timely diagnosis and treatment ensure the health and productivity of the geese.

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