Before starting the agricultural motor should pay attention to matters

In recent years, with the completion of rural power grid renovation projects, electricity rates in rural areas have dropped. However, as fuel prices for diesel and gasoline continue to rise, along with the increasing cost of agricultural machinery such as water pumps, peanut shelling machines, threshers, crushers, rice mills, and other equipment, more farmers are turning to electric motors as a reliable power source. Despite this shift, accidents involving personal injury, fatalities, and motor damage still occur frequently due to improper pre-start checks. These incidents often result from not inspecting the motor’s condition or the voltage supply before operation. As a result, understanding how to properly check an agricultural motor before starting it has become crucial for users. Below is a detailed guide on how to perform these essential checks: 1. **Clean the area** – Remove any dirt, debris, or flammable materials around the motor. Ensure that the surrounding area is clear and safe to prevent potential hazards. 2. **Inspect mechanical components** – Before starting, check if the motor rotates smoothly without any friction, jamming, swaying, or unusual noises. Make sure the connected machinery is not stuck and that the belt connections are secure. The drive belt should not be too tight or too loose. Also, verify that all bolts and pins on the coupling are tight and undamaged. 3. **Check the voltage** – Ensure that the line voltage is within the acceptable range. If the voltage is too high or too low, do not start the motor. Typically, the voltage should not exceed +10% or drop below -5% of the rated voltage. 4. **Start under light load** – Begin operation with no load or a light load. Keep people away from the motor during startup. Operators should stand to one side to avoid arc burns. When using a star-delta starter, follow the correct procedure to reduce voltage during start-up. 5. **Monitor motor performance** – If the motor does not turn or rotates slowly with abnormal sounds after starting, immediately check for power issues. Only restart the motor once the fault has been identified and resolved. 6. **Avoid simultaneous starts** – When starting multiple motors, do so one at a time. Avoid starting several motors at the same time to prevent overloading the system. 7. **Limit the number of starts** – If a motor is started repeatedly, allow sufficient time between each start to prevent overheating. Under no-load conditions, the number of consecutive starts should not exceed 3–5 times. Under load, it should not exceed two times, as excessive starts can easily damage the motor. 8. **Correct reverse rotation** – If the motor starts in the wrong direction, stop it immediately. To reverse the direction, simply swap any two of the power cables. For newly installed or long-idle motors, additional checks are necessary: 1. **Ensure proper installation** – Verify that the motor foundation is solid, the mounting bolts are tightened, and the bearings are well-lubricated. Check that the wiring meets specifications and that the insulation resistance is adequate, using a megohmmeter for testing. 2. **Check electrical components** – Confirm that the fuse rating is appropriate, the wiring of the starting equipment is correct, and the control device operates smoothly without sticking. Ensure that all contacts are clean and functioning properly. 3. **Verify grounding** – Make sure the metal casing of the motor and starting equipment are properly grounded or connected to zero. According to China's "Low Voltage User Electrical Installation Regulations," agricultural equipment must use protective grounding to ensure safety. By following these steps, farmers and operators can significantly reduce the risk of accidents and extend the lifespan of their agricultural motors. Always prioritize safety and regular maintenance when working with electric equipment.

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