Ostrich breeding and management technology

(1) Feed: Breeding ostriches should be provided with a nutritionally balanced diet tailored to their specific species requirements. The feed is typically formulated to meet the calcium and phosphorus needs, especially during the laying period when female ostriches require higher levels of these minerals. Ostriches are also prone to deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins and trace elements like iodine, iron, and zinc. However, it's important not to overfeed them with high-fat diets, as ostriches lack a gallbladder and have limited fat absorption capabilities. Excessive energy intake can lead to weight gain, which may result in reduced egg production or even a complete cessation of laying. (2) Feeding and Management Methods: Effective feeding and management practices are essential for maximizing egg production and raising healthy young ostriches. Male and female African ostriches can be housed together, provided the space is adequate. Each breeding pair should have an aviary area of about 10–12 square meters, with a free-range area of approximately 250–300 square meters per bird. The layout of the range should ideally follow a 7:3 ratio, offering more space for movement than for resting. Drinking equipment should be made of durable materials like concrete to prevent damage from the birds' feet and to reduce the risk of illness from broken or contaminated containers. It’s recommended to feed ostriches four times a day. The first feeding usually occurs between 6:30 and 7:30 AM, with consistent intervals between each meal. The feeding order should start with fine or mixed feeds, followed by green coarse feed, with each portion around 1.5 kg. Clean, fresh water should always be available—warm water (around 25°C) is preferred in winter. To maintain physical activity, ostriches should be allowed at least 1–2 hours of daily exercise in the morning and afternoon. Regular cleaning of the aviary is necessary to keep the environment hygienic and to remove droppings from the range. It's also advisable to disinfect drinking bowls and equipment weekly to prevent disease outbreaks.

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