Fish seedlings hanging bag fertilization technology

Fertilizer application in nursery ponds can be done by spreading it throughout the entire pond, which results in a quick effect, but the benefits are short-lived. Many of the fertilizer particles remain undissolved and may be ingested by fry, negatively affecting their survival rate. Instead, using a more controlled method—such as placing chemical fertilizers into plastic woven bags—allows them to dissolve and release gradually. This approach not only ensures a stable and long-lasting nutrient supply, but also reduces costs and labor. The slow release of nitrogen and phosphorus supports the growth of phytoplankton, providing abundant natural food for fish fry and significantly improving their survival rate. The technique is simple and effective. First, choose a time between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. when sunlight is strong and water temperature is high, as this enhances the photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton, maximizing fertilizer efficiency. Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential nutrients for phytoplankton. Common nitrogen sources include ammonium bicarbonate and urea, while phosphate fertilizers like superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate are widely used. For a pond with a depth of 1 meter, each 667 square meters (1 acre) should receive approximately 4–5 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 2–3 kg of urea, along with 4 kg of superphosphate or 4–5 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate. The best method is to place these fertilizers in separate plastic woven bags. Each 667 m² should have around 4 bags (each snake skin bag can be cut into 4 pieces), with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers kept in separate bags. Hang the bags 20 cm below the water surface. Do not mix nitrogen and phosphate in the same bag, as nitrogen dissolves quickly and can react with phosphate, reducing effectiveness. Phosphate dissolves more slowly, so you can hang 1–2 phosphate bags at a time. It’s better to apply phosphate in the morning and nitrogen in the afternoon. The frequency of bag hanging depends on the water clarity—usually every 3–5 days. When new water is added, increase the number of bags accordingly. Previously, top-dressing was commonly used, which was expensive and resulted in a fry survival rate of only about 30%. However, in recent years, using the bagging method has increased survival rates to over 50%. Not only do the fry grow more uniformly and robustly, but the utilization of chemical fertilizers has also improved significantly. This method proves to be both efficient and sustainable for nursery pond management.

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