A new technique for planting shiitake mushrooms in high mountainous areas
2025-07-19 02:15:57
Shiitake mushrooms are a type of temperature-sensitive, solid-state fungus that thrives in environments with significant temperature fluctuations. The daily temperature difference often exceeds 10°C, which is ideal for their growth, resulting in high yields, thick and flavorful caps. In high-altitude cold regions during spring and summer, the temperature variation is typically large, frequently surpassing 10°C, making it an excellent environment for shiitake cultivation. The yield per mu can reach up to 3,000 to 4,000 kilograms. Cultivating shiitake mushrooms in alpine areas represents a new agricultural model, following traditional log and bag cultivation methods. It has become a promising project for people in mountainous regions to escape poverty and improve their livelihoods.
The general sowing period is from April 20th to May 10th each year, depending on local temperature conditions. Sowing should be done as early as possible when the weather allows. The growing season usually ends by late May or mid-June. Ground cultivation mainly relies on natural temperatures and low humidity. The selected strains should be medium- to low-temperature varieties, with optimal mushrooming temperatures ranging from 10°C to 25°C. This makes management easier during hot summer months, and the yield remains high.
**Cultivation Substrate Formulas:**
**Formula 1:**
Sawdust 80%, wheat bran 5%, rice bran 10%, cornmeal 3%, urea 0.3%, gypsum 1.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%.
**Formula 2:**
Sawdust 40%, corn cob 40%, wheat bran 9%, gypsum 1%, rice bran 8%, bean cake powder 2%, wettable carbendazim powder (50%) 0.2%.
For the substrate, hardwood sawdust is generally preferred, especially from species like eucalyptus, birch, or poplar. The sawdust should be dried promptly, sifted, and stored properly to avoid mold or degradation. It must not be contaminated with oil or chemicals.
When choosing the site, ensure good drainage, proper ventilation, access to water, loose soil, and convenient transportation. Avoid low-lying areas, heavy clay soils, or sandy soils that do not retain moisture. Outdoor courtyards or open fields are suitable, especially under trees, grape trellises, or in forested areas. Beds should be oriented north to south, 40–60 cm wide and 10–15 cm deep, with unlimited length. A small path of 6 cm width should be placed every 10 meters. The bed surface should be disinfected with 200 g/m² of quicklime before sowing.
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