Application of Biogas Fertilizer on Fruit Trees

Pollution-free green fruits have become a favorite in the fruit market. Beyond strict soil and environmental requirements, the production of such fruits heavily relies on the use of organic fertilizers and the promotion of biological control techniques. Among these, biogas fertilizer stands out for its economic benefits, environmental friendliness, and efficiency, making it increasingly popular among farmers. **I. Composition and Mechanism of Biogas Fertilizer** Biogas manure is a high-quality, nutrient-rich organic fertilizer containing essential elements like nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, as well as trace elements such as boron, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, antimony, and bismuth. It is widely used for apples, peaches, pears, grapes, and vegetables. Applying biogas fertilizer to fruit trees improves flower bud differentiation, enhances fruit uniformity, increases sweetness, strengthens tree vigor, and reduces pests and diseases. It is ideal for producing pollution-free fruits due to its lack of harmful residues and no development of drug resistance. Biogas fertilizer comes in two forms: biogas slurry and biogas residue. The slurry contains amino acids, plant growth hormones, B vitamins, and antibiotics that help suppress pathogens. It is rich in soluble nutrients, easily absorbed by plants, and suitable for foliar spraying. The residue, rich in organic matter and humic acid, improves soil structure and is ideal for base or top dressing. Long-term use makes the soil loose, increases fertility, and boosts yield by 8% to 10%. **II. Application of Biogas Slurry** 1. **Pouring**: Mainly used for top-dressing. Mix with irrigation water to provide nutrients directly to roots. Ideal for drip or flood irrigation systems, which can be modified to include a biogas tank and mixing valve for better efficiency. 2. **Sprinkling**: Apply to the soil surface before flowering and after harvest, combined with tilling to prevent nutrient loss. Use 20-50 kg per tree every 10-15 days. 3. **Spraying**: Use fully fermented and filtered slurry for foliar application. It’s more effective than chemical fertilizers, especially during flowering and fruit enlargement stages. Spray once every 7–15 days, starting from fruit setting, and avoid spraying 20–30 days before harvest. Best done in the early morning or late afternoon, avoiding midday heat. **III. Application of Biogas Residue** 1. **Deep Application**: Dig holes under the tree canopy and apply 40–80 kg of residue per tree, mixed with compound fertilizer. Apply after harvest to avoid stimulating new growth. 2. **Composting**: Mix biogas residue with soil in layers, let it decompose for 15–20 days, then apply during fruit growth. This boosts yield significantly. **IV. Precautions** 1. Ensure slurry is filtered to prevent clogging sprayers. Use sealed equipment to avoid spills. 2. Avoid over-concentration; mix 3 parts water with 1 part slurry for foliar feeding, and use undiluted for pest control. 3. Focus on the leaf underside for better absorption. 4. Spray when dew is dry—morning or evening in summer. Avoid spraying during high noon or heavy rain. By following these methods, farmers can effectively enhance fruit quality, reduce chemical inputs, and promote sustainable agriculture.

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