Planting corn in July must prevent five diseases

Corn leaf spot disease is generally associated with the amount of rainfall in July, as higher rainfall tends to increase the occurrence of small spot disease. When the diseased plant rate reaches 100% and the infected leaf rate is about 30%, the disease can still occur even under rainy conditions. To manage this, it's recommended to remove 1–2 infected leaves from the lower part of the corn plants and destroy them. Additionally, spraying with 50% carbendazim diluted 500 times, 70% thiophanate methyl at 500 times, 80% mancozeb at 800 times, or 50% fenoxacin at 500 times can help control the disease effectively. For corn gray leaf spot disease, it's important to select locally adapted varieties and monitor fields regularly. Take five sampling points and assess the disease incidence. If the diseased plant rate reaches 100% and the infected leaf rate hits 30%, and there's a rainfall event, immediate action is necessary. Spraying with 12% copper hydroxide (green milk copper), 25% triadimefon diluted 2000 times, 40% Weiwei suspension concentrate at 1000 times, or 80% new Wansheng at 700 times can be effective for control. Corn round spot disease typically affects susceptible varieties. It’s advisable to take five sampling points and check 10 samples at each point. The best time to apply treatment is during the peak fruiting period. A recommended spray is 25% triadimefon diluted between 500–800 times. Corn smut should be addressed immediately once detected. Prompt removal of infected parts can prevent further spread. Regarding maize virus diseases, such as corn rough dwarf and mosaic streak disease, the severity can be assessed based on the occurrence of wheat bushy dwarf disease. Prevention mainly involves controlling weeds and pests. Any suspicious diseased plants found during field inspections should be removed immediately and treated with antiviral agents. Options include 25% virus A at 500 times dilution, or a mixture of 5% bactericidal agent + Tianfengsu + zinc fertilizer, or 25% virus solution. Corn borers require careful monitoring of egg hatching and larval damage. For the first generation, granules made from Bt emulsion, 1605, phoxim EC, or Beauveria bassiana can be used. Alternatively, 3% Lehr granules or 98% Bataan soluble powder are also effective. In the corn big bell stage, it's crucial to kill newly hatched larvae promptly. Corn earworms primarily affect the corn field. If 500 eggs are found per 100 plants, or if more than 15% of the ears show damage, immediate control measures should be taken. Manual collection of insects during silking periods is an effective method, along with targeted spraying to reduce infestation.

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