Key Points for Cultivation Technique of "Short Red" Pomegranate

1, Jianyuan

"Short-brown red" pomegranate is suitable for a wide range of short-term, low-temperature 17 °C, in January, the average temperature of 0.8-1.7 °C, the average temperature of 28-29 °C pomegranate suitable areas can be cultivated. This variety is suitable for sandy loam soil and it is also resistant to drought and drought. "Short-breasted red" pomegranates are short-stemmed varieties suitable for close-grained planting, flat land, riverbank spacing 1.5-2.5 meters 2.5-3 meters: site conditions are poor hillside, spacing 1-1.5 meters 2-2.5 meters.

Planting time can be planted from soil thawing to bud sprouting, but budding is the best; it can also be planted in the fall, from late October to early December, the sooner the better.

When constructing the garden, it is best to configure the pollinating tree. The pollination varieties are Daqingpi Tianshu, Gangjulian Damaya and other varieties are better, and the planting ratio (8-10): 1.

2, fertilizer and water management

The basal fertilizer is applied after the fruit is harvested and before the deciduous leaves. The amount of fertilizer applied is 1 kg of pomegranate and 2 kg of high-quality farmyard manure.

Fertilizer 3 times a year, the first time in the bud to the bud, the main nitrogen fertilizer, with phosphate fertilizer, urea 0.1-0.2 kg per plant: the second time in the young fruit expansion period, with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, with potash fertilizer use : The third time in fruit coloring stage, the main phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Each potassium sulfate 0.2-0.5 kg. Use furrow or hole application.

Foliar spraying fertilizer 4-5 times a year, 2 times in the early stage of growth, dominated by nitrogen fertilizer; 2-3 times in the later stage, mainly phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, commonly used fertilizer: urea 0.2%-0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3% -0.5%. Borax 0.2%-0.5%.

Irrigation should ensure that the water is in the bud stage, after flowering, during the rapid expansion of the fruit, and before the soil is frozen. After irrigating the soil in time, the orchard lacking water sources also uses crop stalks, etc. to cover the tree trays to facilitate the preservation of oysters. When there is accumulated water in the orchard, drainage should be used in a timely manner.

3, pruning

There are three suitable trees for the "Short Red" pomegranate. The main branches of the three main branches are about 2.5 meters tall without trunk. They have three main branches with an azimuth angle of 120. Each main branch has a horizontal angle of 400-450 with the ground, and each branch has 3-4 branches. The naturally happy tree is 2.0-2.5 meters high and 0.4-0.6 meters high in dry height. The main branch with three azimuth angles of 120 is placed on the main trunk, and the extension angle between the main branch and trunk is 50-65. One to two lateral branches were assigned to each main branch. The double trunk V-shaped tree is about 2.0 meters high and has no backbone. It has 2 oblique main branches with opposite angles of 80-100 degrees between each other. Two to three lateral branches were assigned to each main branch. Sapling pruning is mainly to cultivate good branches and expand the canopy. Except for competitive branches and near-ground shoots, all shoots that are issued after being dried are retained. In the 2-3th winter, remove the excess branches under the plastic band. The main branch or lateral branch is retracted to the prosperous secondary branch. Growing branches open angle. The auxiliary culture sticks are thrown away, open angles, and sparsely popped to control the growth.

Pruning in the early fruit period continues to cultivate the main and lateral branches. The useless branches, leggy branches and slender branches were removed, and the resulting branch groups with medium and small branches were cultivated. To light shear, thin branches, to strong branches, leaving the weak branches of the mediocrity: to upright branches, leaving horizontal oblique branches; to pests and branches, health Zhuangzhi; more sparse cut or not cut, change direction, slow shear , so that the tree crown is open to good results.

The pruning during the full fruit period is based on the elimination of useless branches, leggy branches and slender branches, and pests and dead branches. We will cultivate strong and efficient fruiting groups with medium and small shoots, adjusting the amount of results, and reasonably loading. As a result, the sticks were updated and rejuvenated in a timely manner, and the result was the thickness of the chopsticks. Strong trees, weak trees, and golden trees will adopt pruning measures based on "control," "promotion," and "protection," respectively, so that the tree is stable and strong.

4. Flower and fruit management

Artificial pollination, bee or wall bee pollination can increase fruit setting rate, artificial pollination should be collected Daqingpi, horse teeth, Gang Liu and other varieties of pollen.

"Short-stemmed red" pomegranate flowers are more fruitful and must be sparsely flowered and thinned. When the flower buds can distinguish the complete flowers, they must timely remove the incomplete flowers. Sparse every 10 days. Leave fruit and fruit when thinning the fruit, choose to leave the second fruit, and remove the fruit three times. Weak trees and strong branches should stay longer, and weak trees and weak branches should stay less. Keep fruit spacing 25-35 cm.

5. Pest control

Dormant period combines pruning disease and disease branches, disease stagnation fruit, removing diseased leaves, spring flowers are two kinds of sheep disease to prevent early killing of yellow thorn moth moth moth and other pests, buds before the branch spray 3-5 wave beauty Degree of lime sulphur agent, to prevent Japanese parasites such as Pterostilbium and Lagerstroemia, kill pomegranate dry rot and other pathogens, from the beginning of May, spray once every 10-15 days 10% Polaroid 600-700 times Liquid geranyl ester EC 1500-2000 times, or 80% of Dasheng M-45 700-800 times liquid + 50% Caesarean Pine 1000 times, control brown spot, Myzus persicae, Hyphantria and so on. In late August, the larvae of Pomegranate Syringa larvae were endangered. The leaves of the affected branches were yellow, and the tip of the branches died. There was a row of defecation holes on the branches, and the symptoms were extremely obvious. The victim can be cut off to kill the larvae.

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