Research progress of microfluidic chip in the field of disease diagnosis
Microfluidic chips have the advantages of high throughput, fast analysis speed, low pollution, small sample size, low cost, safety, etc., and have broad development prospects in clinical diagnosis and disease screening. In this paper, the latest research progress of microfluidic chip technology in disease diagnosis in recent years is summarized from the aspects of disease marker detection, cell screening and drug metabolism research and the development status of disease diagnosis microfluidic chip device. Application and development.
In recent years, microfluidic chip related research in disease diagnosis includes biomarker immunoassay, nucleic acid sequencing, cell sorting and recognition. Following the immunization of microarray chips, the research on microfluidic chip immunoassay has received much attention in recent years. Compared with the former, microfluidic immunochips have more potential for development.
1. Tumor marker microfluidic chip detection technology
The research involves not only the diagnosis of common cancers such as liver cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer and breast cancer associated with carbohydrate antigen markers, but also the diagnosis of cancers such as small cell lung cancer and pituitary adenoma associated with hormone markers. The use of microfluidic chips for deoxyribonucleic acid markers in the early diagnosis of cancer has also been extensively studied.
2, infectious disease microfluidic chip detection technology
The portable, simple and fast advantages of the microfluidic chip platform, especially the sensitive advantages (detecting low-concentration virus in the sample in a small amount of samples), have a good application prospect in the field of infectious disease-related virus detection and its clinical diagnosis. Therefore, the microfluidic chip detection technology of infectious disease-related viruses has also been extensively studied.
3, thyroid microfluidic chip detection technology
The detection sensitivity of the thyroid gland is greatly improved by using the competitive immunoassay method to detect the combined microfluidic chip device. This portable semi-automatic system will have a high clinical diagnostic value in the detection of thyroid hormone.
4. Cytological diagnosis and in vitro cell drug metabolism studies
With the microfluidic chip cell screening technology and the establishment of cell localization, manipulation and high-sensitivity detection methods, it is expected to advance disease diagnosis, in vitro cell drug efficacy monitoring and even individualized drug therapy to the cellular level, even at the single cell level. Some research groups have made good progress in the study of whole blood cells by microfluidic chip immune cell screening.
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