Scientific selection of wheat varieties
At present, the wheat seed distribution market is not rigorous, irregular, and unscientific. Some dealers do not have professional technical knowledge, do not understand and master the seed "source" and its biological characteristics, regardless of the appropriate area, blind marketing. Farmers listen to the dealers' objective and unrealistic sales promotion, blindly buying varieties that are not suitable for local climate, cultivation, biological environment and other production conditions, resulting in reduced production and reduced wheat. As we all know, even a good variety with strong resistance, wide planting area, stable yield and high yield has its suitability and limitations. A “all-round†variety that is perfect for all wheat growing areas is impossible. This hopes that farmers will understand and master the biological characteristics of local marketing products in a scientific and rigorous manner. According to the local climate cultivation, the selection of suitable varieties for the three major factors of the organism is crucial for obtaining stable wheat yield, high yield, increasing yield and increasing income.
I. Climate factors
1. Make sure you are safe for the winter. According to the low temperature requirements of the “springing stage†of wheat varieties, it is divided into four types: spring, half-winter, winter and strong winter.
It is suitable for planting semi-winter varieties in the south of Baoding, and it is safe to winter. Baobei area is suitable for planting winter or even strong winter varieties. Semi-winter varieties are planted in Baobei. Due to the warm winter in recent years, although it can barely survive the winter, there are still freeze-killing phenomenon. In the case of special cold years, heavy freezing will occur, and a large number of dead seedlings will be reduced. Therefore, it is appropriate to choose winter varieties.
2. Resistance to wind and lodging. As the saying goes: "The valley is poured into a pot, and the wheat is poured into a grass." Some wheat areas are affected by topography and geomorphology in the estuary and wind tunnels. They are subjected to wind disasters and reduced production all the year round. It is necessary to select varieties with short stems, thick, strong, strong elasticity and strong lodging resistance.
3. Resistance to dry hot air. Try to choose a variety that is good for falling yellow, live yellow, not premature aging, not cooked. This is an important indicator for measuring the quality of a wheat variety.
Second, cultivation factors
1. High fertility and high yield. For wheat areas with fertile soil and good fertilizer and water conditions, it is necessary to select varieties with short stalks, large ears, strong tillers and potential for increased yield.
2. Drought-resistance and production: Hilly wheat area or water-poor wheat area, only one water or two water can be poured in spring. It is necessary to select varieties with high stems (90-100 cm) and strong drought resistance to ensure stable yield and stable harvest.
Third, biological factors
1. Disease resistance selection. Low-lying buckwheat area, field closed, high humidity, prone to rust, powdery mildew, to choose a variety: resistant to silicon, strong wax powder layer.
2. Insect selection. Buckwheat area and soil moisture are conducive to the wintering and harm of the larvae. It is necessary to pay attention to the selection of the variety of inside and outside the button, which is not conducive to the damage caused by the larvae.
3. High-yield and high-quality selection. Try to choose high-quality wheat with high protein, high gluten content, good palatability and high nutritional value.
Choosing a good wheat variety, of course, a combination of good traits is better. According to the main unfavorable factors in the locality, the strong resistant varieties are selected in a targeted manner to achieve high yield, stable yield and high efficiency.
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