Making vegetable organic fertilizer: manure
Manure fertilizer, also known as grass pond mud, manure fertilizer, etc., is based on crop residues, grass, leaves, green manure and other plant residues as the main raw material, mixing human and animal waste, soil, under the conditions of normal temperature and flooding, anaerobic by microorganisms Organic fertilizer that is decomposed by fermentation.
The decomposed manure, the color is dark green, the texture is soft, and the fertilizer effect lasts. The nutrient content of manure varies with the type of tanning materials and the ratio of materials. The nutrient content of tanning with green manure is higher than that of taro. Manure is mostly used as a base fertilizer in vegetables. Before planting, it is combined with land preparation and tillage to prevent nutrient loss, 1600-2600 kg per mu. It is best to apply with quick-acting nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers.
The tanning process takes the grass pond mud as an example. The material is mainly pond mud, which is matched with straw, green manure and pig manure, and can also be added to organic waste such as straw on the threshing field. In the winter and spring season, take the pond (river) mud, mix it into straw that is cut into 20-30 cm long, pile it on the edge of the field or the river, and weather it for a while. Digging pits at the edge of the field and at the corner of the field. The size and depth of the pit are determined according to the needs. The excavated mud can be used as a raft to increase the volume of the pit and prevent the outflow of fertilizer or rainwater. The bottom of the pit and the soil are to be tamper-proof. The weathered straw and pond (river) mud are added to the green manure or pig manure fertilizer in proportion, and are transported to the pit during the period from March to April. The mixed fertilizer should be kept in a shallow water layer. After 1 to 2 months, when the water layer in the pit changes from light color to reddish brown and smelly, it indicates that the tanning fertilizer has been decomposed and can be used for application.
The shallow water of 4 to 6 cm is kept in the squatting pit, so that the organic matter is decomposed under low temperature anaerobic conditions. If the water layer is too deep, the temperature is low, and it is not easy to decompose. The pit should not be wet when dry, prevent the formation of nitrate nitrogen and suffer from leaching or denitrification. Reasonable ratio of materials, such as pond (river) mud accounted for 65% to 70%, straw accounted for 2% to 3%, legume green manure 10% to 15%, pig manure fertilizer about 20%, for straw, weeds, etc. should be added Human and animal excreta regulate pH. Turn it over regularly and turn it once every half a month to make the upper and lower materials consistently heated and evenly decomposed.
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