High-quality grape cultivation and storage value-added technology

High-quality grape cultivation and storage preservation is a system supporting project. First of all, it is only the production of green fine grapes that have neat and good grain, beautiful appearance, sugar content of over 16%, good taste, full maturity, and no pests and diseases, so they can be competitive in the market. However, there is no advanced storage and preservation technology and preservation technology for high-quality grapes, and storage will not be successful. Now, the production experience of these two technologies is briefly discussed as follows. 1. Adopting advanced scientific cultivation techniques In the spring of 1993, our field introduced precocious and famous varieties from the Beijing Botanical Garden: Jingyu, Jingyou, and Jingya. In 1997, we introduced Jingxiu and Hongti experimental cultivation. With low-lying terrain and alkaline soils, and low temperature accumulation, short frost-free periods, and large temperature difference between day and night, the region adopts a series of advanced scientific cultivation techniques centered on warming, and is carefully managed. 1.1 Cultivation Mode My site potential is low, there is alkaline, in order to increase the temperature, to take high locust planting, planting larvae width 1.8m, double colonization, 50cm between two rows, Dulong dry pruning, plant spacing 75cm, this model is conducive to Ventilation, light transmission, and drainage are effective in increasing light, increasing ground temperature, and preventing internal hemorrhoids. 1.2 Mulching and moisturizing of the mulching film The mother tree is fertilized with water after soil is removed at the end of April, and then sprayed with herbicide. Immediately covering the mulch, the ground temperature can be increased by about 3°C ​​to keep the soil moist and reduce the number of watering, and no weeding is needed, saving labor , but also reduce the invasion of bacteria. 1.3 Ears Bagging Achieving ear bagging is an indispensable technology for the production of green, high-end fine grapes. The ear of the bagging is not contaminated, which can prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests and increase the value of grape products. Practice shows that bagging and not bagging The color of the fruit and the roughness of the surface are very different. Users are very welcome to bagged grapes. Bagging grapes can prolong the fruiting time on the trees and prevent the occurrence of early frost in the middle and late September. The temperature difference between day and night during this period is the best period for grape coloring, maturation and sugar enhancement. In our country Jingyou, Jingyu, Jingxiu The fruit can be fully matured by the end of September, and the sugar content reaches 16% to 19%, which improves the storability and is very favorable for winter storage. 1.4 Fertilizer and water management Based on the nutrients required for grape growth and the result period, the base fertilizer is mainly chicken manure with high N, P and K contents. From the beginning of August, combined spraying of potassium dihydrogen phosphate spray, about 4 to 6 times a year. Water is the lifeblood of grape growth. The principle of watering is: the cold water that must be poured, the water for precipitating water to pour on time, the watering time, not excessive, the watering during the flowering period, the fruit coloring period without watering, the fruit swelling period is dry, No drought, no pouring, and good moisturizing performance on the mulching film can reduce the number of watering. 1.5 Pruning The pruning should be carried out with appropriate measures such as sizing, picking, thinning, fruit thinning, and spaying. 1.6 Prevention and control of pests and diseases Prevention measures should be taken as the main and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken regularly for each pest occurrence period, spraying once every 10 to 15 days, using mainly protective bactericides, and appropriate use of systemic fungicides. To prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases, at the same time pay attention to the health of orchards, where cut off the diseased grains, diseased leaves, etc. are clean at any time, concentrated burned, and every spray should be carefully sprayed, especially on the back, but also to spray well. Through the above-mentioned cultivation techniques, experiments and scientific management were carried out. According to the different personality and characteristics of the varieties, the cultivation techniques were continuously improved, and high-quality, pollution-free high-grade green grapes were produced, and satisfactory scientific research results were obtained. Jingyu, Jingyou, Jingxiu 3 brothers have been outstanding performance, high sugar content, good taste, welcomed by consumers, listed on the Mid-Autumn Festival, the highest price of 16 yuan, the lowest wholesale price in the venue 6 yuan / kg, still in short supply.

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