Feeding management of high quality chickens

The concept of high-quality chicken has not yet been finalized. Many scholars have given them certain connotations in terms of descent, appearance, meat quality, slaughter age, market weight, and consumption habits. It is generally believed that high-quality chickens refer to local fine breed chickens that have not been properly slaughtered with fast-sized broilers, have fresh meat, and have unique flavors.
1 Satisfy the living conditions of quality chickens
1.1 Temperature insulation is the key to the success or failure of brooding. The suitable temperature for brooding period is: 32°C~35°C in the first week, then 3°C/week, then dewarming after 4 weeks. After that, the indoor temperature is kept at about 25°C. it is good. Insulation operations should be based on the behavior of the chicks to determine whether the temperature is appropriate, the temperature is appropriate, the chicks are evenly spread; if the chicks are tired, wheezing or even collapsed, the feet are said to be too high; if the chicks huddled together and吱 吱 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣 鸣Temperature can be used for brooding umbrellas, pits, flue gas and stoves, gas stoves and other heating equipment.
1.2 Humidity Chicks need to be kept under dry conditions. The appropriate humidity is 60% to 70% before 10 days of age and 50% to 60% after 10 days of age. The temperature of a chicken body is related to the humidity. In summer, the more humid and hot, the colder and colder in winter.
1.3 The purpose of ventilation and ventilation is to reduce the density of harmful gases and dust inside the house, replenish the fresh air, maintain the airflow speed in the house, and adjust the temperature and humidity inside the house. In general, the concentration of ammonia in the housing is lower than 210E-7. When people enter the house, the eyes and nose are not stimulated to be moderate. Brooding stage to deal with the relationship between insulation and ventilation. Even the coldest weather requires ventilation for a certain period of time. The specific approach is to first increase the temperature inside the house, and then open the window (or exhaust fan) for a while, and then close the window (or exhaust fan) when the temperature in the house drops below the required temperature. Repeated ventilation for several times can achieve this goal. Breeding chickens should also pay attention to ventilation. The house can be equipped with an exhaust fan for lateral or longitudinal negative pressure ventilation, or a horn fan for positive pressure ventilation. If the combination of vertical negative pressure ventilation and curtain device is applied, ventilation and cooling effect can be achieved at the same time.
1.4 Density 1 to 30 days of age, the ground or online flat raising is about 30 per square meter; multi-layer cage raising (with negative pressure ventilation system) is 46 to 60 per square meter. From 31 to 60 days of age, 15 or less per square meter are raised on the ground or on the net; 25 to 30 eggs per square meter are raised in stepped cages. 61 to 100 days of age, on the ground or on the Internet to raise about 8 per square meter; step-style cage is 12 to 15 per square meter.
1.5 The light is turned on for 1 to 2 days after birth. All other hours are to stop lighting for 1 hour at night, that is, to maintain 23 hours of light. The principle of light intensity is from strong to weak. At the age of 1 to 2 weeks, there should be 2 to 3 watts of light per square meter (the lamp is about 2 meters away from the chickens); from the 3rd week of age, the amount of light from 0.7 to 1.5 watts per square meter should be used. Actually, as long as the chicken Only see that drinking water is enough.
1.6 Litter 1~4 days old chicks can use kraft paper on the net. After that, the litter used for the ground level raising shall be dry, soft, absorbent, not moldy, and appropriate in length and length. Commonly used litter includes sawdust, rice bran, short-cut corn stalks, rice straw, and broken corn sticks. The moist litter around the drinker should be replaced promptly.
1.7 drinking water online flat raising or ground leveling can be used to drink water and drinking water tank, ladder cage can be used sink or nipple drinking water equipment, but the use of drinking water within 1 week of age drinking water. The source of water for the flock may come from deep well water or tap water, while the water from shallow wells or rivers may be filtered and clarified by sandstones and disinfected by bleaching powder or other disinfectants before use. It is important to ensure the cleanliness of drinking water, and to ensure that the chicken has only enough drinking water.
1.8 The feed should be full-priced pellet feed or concentrate produced by feed manufacturers with stable quality and good reputation.
1.9 Flies and rodents shall be kept to a minimum in the humidity of the chicken droppings, and the time for removing the chicken droppings shall not exceed 1 week. Adding a suitable amount of flies to the feed (eg adding 250-500 g of flies to the net premix per ton of feed) can greatly reduce the number of flies and, if necessary, can be used to kill mosquitoes and flies. Regular use of drugs to eradicate rats, usually once per quarter.
1.10 Disinfection and Sanitization A batch of chickens should be cleared in time after they are transferred out of the chicken house.
2 Doing a good job of brooding
2.1 Establishing a good seedling plan The plan should cover the variety, quantity, time of entry, required chicken house and equipment, breeders, feed, additives, medicines, vaccines, utilities, and appropriate liquidity.
2.2 Prepare the chicks for pre-incubation. Before the hatching, the chicken house and all utensils should be washed and disinfected repeatedly. Then check that all equipment and utensils are fully prepared. About 24 hours prior to planning the hatching, the chicken house is preheated so that the temperature of the house reaches 28°C, and the temperature below the warming umbrella or fire pit reaches 32°C-35°C. Hot in summer, you don't need to warm up in advance. Enough chick material should be prepared according to the number of chickens before hatching, and vaccines and prophylactic drugs that need to be inoculated during brooding should be prepared, such as water-soluble multidimensional (Loeve 328, speed supplement 14 etc.), white sugar, and antibiotics. (such as enrofloxacin, doxycycline, erythromycin, etc.) and anticoccidial drugs (such as grams of ball powder, ball safety, volt ball, etc.).
2.3 The selection of young chicks should be based on healthy chicks. The criteria are: lively spirits, two eyes, pure uniform coat, clean fluff, good umbilical contraction, no abnormal appearance or defects, clean around the anus, standing firm on both feet and Walking normal, body weight reached the corresponding species standard.
2.4 Pay attention to the drinking and feeding of chicks. Put the selected chicks into the brooding room and allow them to rest for a while. Feed 1 part-tenth of the potassium permanganate water 2 hours before the start of the diet. (Helps in the discharge of meconium and cleanses the stomach. intestinal). After the supply of 3% to 5% of sugar water, water-soluble multidimensional and antibiotic drugs (such as enrofloxacin or doxycycline or erythromycin, etc.) can also be added in drinking water to reduce stress response and increase chick resistance. force. At the same time, pay attention to whether the drinking position is even and sufficient (1.5 to 2.0 cm on the side of each chick's drinking fountain) and whether the height is moderate. After drinking, start feeding (usually requiring 24 to 36 hours to start eating, but not more than 48 hours at the latest). The chicks can be sprinkled on kraft paper or platters. (On the 1st day of eating, fine corn flour is used instead of the chicks.) Feed), feed 5 to 6 times a day, and have enough light to stimulate appetite. Eat freely, with a small amount of diligence. In the 3rd to 4th days, the chicks can be used to feed the material and gradually remove the kraft paper. The length of the side of each feeder should be 2.5 to 5 cm. Take care to clean and disinfect the water dispenser every day, and replace enough fresh drinking water in time.
2.5 Do a good job of broiler feeding brooding stage feeding 5 to 6 times a day, each time the amount of adding less, so that all the chicken to eat clean, the barrel vacant for a period of time before adding the next feed. This can cause chickens to snatch food and stimulate appetite. 6 to 10 days of age to cut off, you can use the iron or special cutting machine to cut the upper cut to 1/2, cut down 1/3, can prevent warts, reduce feed waste. It is advisable to use water-soluble multidimensional and antibiotic drugs to drink water in order to reduce the stress response within two to three days before and after the interruption of hernia. Each week after 20 days of age, 500 grams of clean sand are supplied per 100 chickens to enhance the digestive function of chickens and stimulate appetite. At the same time immunization during brooding. Chickens raised to 25-40 days of age will be transferred to the broiler house.
3 Good adult chicken breeding management
3.1 Feed When the chickens are transferred to the young chicken house (have been thoroughly cleaned and disinfected), the chick material and the young chicken material will be used for 3 days to transition to the medium chicken material, ie the 1st day will feed 2/3 chicks and 1/3 young chicken On the second day, half of the young chicks were fed half of the chicks' feed. On the third day, 2/3 of the young chicken feed and 1/3 of the chicks were fed. On the 4th day, all the young chicken feed was fed.
3.2 Prevention of stress Before and after the transfer of chicken can also be used water-soluble multidimensional and antibiotic drugs to drink 3 to 4 days to reduce the stress response of chicken and refueling, and can control concurrent infection.
3.3 Disinfection Apply less sterilizing disinfectants (such as Bai Jie, Baidusha, high-efficiency iodine, or UCI, etc.) to disinfect the chickens with chicken spray, 2 or 3 times a week.
3.4 Immunization and grouping Do a good job of immunization during the breeding of chickens. Medium chickens should start strong and weak groups and male and female breeding.
3.5 Castrated Cock feeding to 50 to 60 days can be castrated, so easy to fattening, delicate meat, delicious. Before deprivation, it is necessary to stop feeding for half a day. After the operation, each intramuscular injection of penicillin and streptomycin should be 70,000 to 80,000 units to prevent infection.
3.6 The chickens in the transfer are fed to the large chicken house for 55 to 65 days of age. If they are raised, they do not need to be transferred. The chicken material was gradually transferred to big chicken in 3 days.
3.7 Deposition of fat The chickens can be fed with 2% to 6% lard (or some vegetable oil) in the feed after 70 days of age to increase the metabolic energy of the diet, promote fat deposition in the chicken, and increase feather gloss. Lard or butter must be warmed and boiled before they can be added to the feed, otherwise it is easy to cause diarrhea in chickens.
3.8 Enhancing skin pigmentation During the rearing period of large chickens, attention should be paid to use lutein-rich feed ingredients (such as high-quality yellow corn, corn gluten meal, alfalfa meal, pine needle powder, grass powder, etc.) in combination with diets, and can also be added to feed. Workers' pigments (such as Jialihong, Jialihuang, Lukangdinghong, Lukangdinghuang, etc.) are used to enhance the pigment deposition of the chicken skin, so that the three yellow features are more obvious.
4 Immunize chickens
4.1 The development of a reasonable immunization program is mainly based on the characteristics of the species, the age of the child, the level of maternal antibody, the type of vaccine, and the occurrence of the disease in the field.
4.2 Precautions for specific application of immunization (1) The age of vaccination, the variety of vaccination, the manufacturer, and the vaccination mode should be basically fixed, and drinking water should be used as little as possible (due to the unstable immune effect). (2) All utensils should be cleaned before inoculation. The syringes should be sterilized by high temperature and should not be disinfected with disinfectants. (3) The preservation of the vaccine should be based on the type of species in frozen (-20 °C ~ -10 °C) or low temperature (2 °C ~ 8 °C) conditions. Oil seedlings must not be frozen. (4) Diluted vaccine should be used as soon as possible (0.5 to 1 hour), and should not be exposed to sunlight or placed near the heat source. (5) Stop using antibacterial drugs 3 days before and after inoculation with bacterial vaccine (such as mycoplasma, E. coli, Pasteurella, etc.). (6) The two vaccines should not be used in combination. (7) Immunizations must be supervised by management personnel and be well documented.
5 Reasonable use of effective drugs for prevention or treatment
5.1 Prevention of common chicken diseases Main prevention of mycoplasmosis, chicken psoriasis, fowl cholera, infectious rhinitis, E. coli disease, and coccidiosis, commonly used drugs are norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, Aureomycin, doxycycline, kanamycin, gentamicin, and various anticoccidial drugs. Special attention should be given to anticoccidial drugs that must be cross-medication, and a single type of anticoccidial drug should not be used for a long period of time.
5.2 Principles of medication (1) Preventive measures such as isolation, disinfection and immunization are better than preventive medications. (2) Prophylactic medication is better than medication. (3) early diagnosis, early medication is better than delayed medication.
5.3 Dosing Precautions (1) Select different preventive drugs for high incidence. (2) It is important to use a full course of medication. (3) Apply drinking water as far as possible. (4) strictly control the amount of drugs. (5) Pay attention to the incompatibility of drugs and do not use drugs blindly; (6) Do not use illicit drugs.
6 To improve the veterinary epidemic prevention hygiene measures, we must establish the concept of “prevention first, prevention and prevention of treatment”. Regular disinfection of the chicken farm environment (at least once a month). It is strictly prohibited to bring poultry and poultry products into the chicken farm. The chicken farm is an epidemic prevention area and it should be isolated from the surrounding environment as much as possible. Strictly control the access of vehicles and people.
In the event of an outbreak, emergency measures such as isolation, disinfection, treatment, and culling should be implemented as soon as possible.

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