Simultaneous prevention of eggplant sclerotinia
Early prevention of Sclerotinia
To control the temperature and humidity is the best.
One must control the air humidity. Pay attention to ensure that the greenhouse has enough ventilation time and ventilation to reduce air humidity. When watering, pay attention to avoid flooding, so as not to increase the air humidity. Because the optimum air humidity for the spore formation and mycelial growth of the above diseases is about 95%, reducing the air humidity can control the occurrence and spread of the disease.
Second, we must reasonably control the temperature inside the shed. The vegetable farmers should pay special attention to the fact that when the gray mold and sclerotinia of the vegetables in greenhouses are seriously affected, ventilation and evacuation are very necessary, but one degree must be mastered. Do not make the temperature inside the shed too low, otherwise the temperature difference between day and night is too small, affecting the normal flower bud differentiation of vegetables, the quality of vegetables will decline, such as eggplant grow stubby, hard, dull and so on.
If the temperature in the shed is between 20 and 25°C for a long time, it is the optimal temperature for the development of the spores of the pathogen. At this time, the bacteria will be more difficult to cure. If you want to improve the treatment effect, you can control the temperature in the shed to be between 30 and 40°C for 2 hours before releasing the air. Combining the sprays will enhance the therapeutic effect.
In addition, it is recommended that vegetable farmers should use dusting or smoking to prevent various diseases when the air humidity is high.
Occurrence of Eggplant Mushroom Disease
Eggplant Mushroom Disease is a fungal disease that occurs both in the greenhouse and in the production of eggplant in open areas in our province. It causes great damage, especially in the heavily-constructed plots and sheds planted year after year. The loss of M. blight is even more serious.
Recently, in the Shouguang eggplant planting area, the author discovered that the disease has occurred again, and urged farmers to strengthen prevention.
The specific performance symptoms: The disease can occur during the growth period of eggplant, the site of the disease is spread over the leaves, stems, flower organs and fruits, and the fruit is the most affected. Leaf disease, lesions nearly round, water stains, light brown to brown, the edge is not obvious, the lesion has a clear ring veins, when the damp spots spread rapidly, the edge sparse moldy material; stems infected The formation of shuttle-shaped water-soaked lesions, a little sunken, a week around the stem seriously, the disease Department contraction, the upper branches and leaves drooping, when the temperature rises sparse mold layer, the disease is easy to break; fruit disease often starts from the lower fruit, In the beginning, it was a round water-spotted lesion. It was slightly sunken, yellow-brown to dark brown. When it was wet, the lesions spread rapidly. The disease minister had a thick layer of white cottony mildew. The diseased fruit was easy to fall off, and when it was wet, it was covered in white. Mildew quickly rots.
According to the analysis of its causes: (1) related to soil bacteria. The pathogenic oocysts are wintering in the soil with the diseased body, and heavy scorpion is the main factor of the disease. According to field investigations, the incidence of continuous cropping for 2 to 3 years is significantly higher than that of the new greenhouse. (2) Related to breed resistance. According to expert studies, Wanyuan is more resistant to disease than long eggplant. (3) Related to climatic conditions. The growth and development of this pathogen was moderate at 28°C and relative humidity of 85%. The diseased fruit showed symptoms after 24 hours and it could infect again after 64 hours. At present, it is more conducive to the occurrence of the disease.
Control measures: Implement standardized planting and reasonably regulate temperature and humidity. High ridge cultivation, wide and narrow rows of planting, application of high-quality organic fertilizer, increase of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, mulching, no watering at seedling stage, and early watering control, the results of the period to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, improve plant disease resistance. Shelter room eggplant best use of ecological control method, the temperature during the day 25 ~ 30 °C, 15 ~ 20 °C at night, a temperature difference of about 10 °C, and strengthen ventilation and humidity.
Use pesticides rationally. At the beginning of the onset, 58% metalaxyl Mn-Zn 400 to 500 times, 72.2% Preclosure 700 to 800 times, or 72% DuPont Kelu WP 800 times, every 7 to 10 days, control 2 to 3 times.
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