Performance and High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Super Sweet Corn Shutian 208
Haotian 208 is a new super-sweet corn variety selected by the Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Fujian Provincial Seed Station. It was approved by the Fujian Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee in February 2007. In the spring of 2007, the author introduced the demonstration in Changtai Town. The variety showed high yield, excellent quality, and strong adaptability. The main characteristics and high-yielding cultivation techniques of glutinous sweet 208 are described below:
First, characteristics
Sweet potato 208 growth period 81 days, plant type semi-compact, plant height 221.0 cm, ear height 85.7 cm, spike length 18.5 cm, ear thickness 4.7 cm, bald tip 2.5 cm, number of rows 14 rows, row number 33.0 tablets , Fresh 100-grain weight 32.9 grams, the seed rate of 67.8%, long cone-type ear, grain yellow, full, neatly arranged, fresh ear steamed tender and fragrant, crisp, medium skin, good taste. The main pests are corn borer, and the incidence is lighter. Introduced in the spring of 2007, the fresh ear yield was 1,2635.0 kg/ha, which was 5.18% higher than the control Yuetian No.3.
Second, high-yield cultivation techniques
1. Selection of land
The super-sweet corn grain shrivels, the top soil is not strong, and the seedlings grow poorly. Should choose a land with flat terrain, deep soil, loose soil, and good water and fertilizer conservation. The ground is made into a width of 1.2 to 1.3 meters (including a groove width of 0.3 meters) and is 0.25 meters high.
2. Isolate planting
Supersweet corn is a recessive sweet gene mutant of the endosperm trait. When the sweet corn is crossed with ordinary corn or other types of corn, the current kernel loses the high sugar content of the embryo and becomes normal corn. Therefore, it must be strict. Isolation planting. The scope of the isolation zone is required to be more than 500 meters. That is to say, within 500 meters of the field where sweet corn is grown, it is not possible to grow common corn or other types of sweet corn that bloom at the same time as sweet corn. The difference in flowering time required to adopt time difference isolation is 30. Days or more.
3. Seed sowing
The seeds with full grain, well-developed, no insects, no mildew and high germination rate were selected and sown when the temperature stabilized at 12°C. The soil moisture content at the time of sowing was 61% to 75% of the maximum water holding capacity. Planting ditching and planting, planting 2 rows per plant, spacing 0.3 to 0.35 meters, spacing 0.65 to 0.7 meters, density of about 3,500 per mu. Cave sowing 2 to 3 capsules, cover fine soil thickness 2 cm, 3 leaf stage Dingmiao, leave a strong seedlings.
4. Fertilizer management
é—½ sweet 208 fertilization to grasp the principle of the former foot enough to promote the control, try to increase the organic fertilizer, can be applied to 15000 kg / ha farmyard fertilizer. The total amount of fertilizer is 15 to 18 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, 5 to 6 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 8 to 10 kg of potash fertilizer. Phosphate fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer and potassium fertilizer is used for seedling fertilizer (3 to 4 leaf stages). Nitrogen fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, Miao Fei, and Zhuang. The application of stalk and panicle fertilizers is approximately 2.5:2.0:3.5:2.0.
Corn seedlings are afraid of earthworms. In spring sowing seasons in Fujian Province, attention should be paid to drainage. Topdressing with seedlings and weeding in combination with cultivator and weeding, promoting root barrowing, entering the big bell mouth, 10 days before tasselling and 2 days after flowering are corn growth and development drums. During the critical period of grain, we must keep the soil moist and timely watering, keeping the field water holding capacity above 70%.
5. Diseases and weeds control
The main diseases of corn are rust, sheath blight, and stalk rot, mainly controlled through rational rotation, removal of stubble leaves from field corn, timely cultivating soil, and other comprehensive measures. Chemicals can use 3% Jinggangmycin or 50% Carbendazim WP 500 times spray control. Insect pests mainly include tigers, earthworms, corn borers, diamondback moths, cabbage caterpillars, aphids, and armyworms. We must make pest predictions and prevent them in time. Prevention and control of underground pests is to be disinfected with 40% phoxim or nudibricidal granules before sowing; 20% phosphorus triphosphorus EC, 5% fipronil EC, and 40% lozenges for corn borer, diamondback moth, etc. EC, etc. 1500 ~ 2000 times liquid during the big bell mouth period to the flowering period, at the same time pay attention to the 20 days before harvest to stop the medication. The control of weeds can be sprayed with 90% acetochlor EC1500 to 2000 times spray before corn seeding, and then closed with artificial fertilization before seedling closure.
6. timely harvest
Harvest period is closely related to production and quality. Generally, it is harvested when the filaments are dry and dark, and the harvesting period of the sweet 208 is controlled within 21 to 23 days after the pollination. Picking too early has a low sugar content and poor flavor; when it is picked too late, most of the sugar in the grain is converted into starch, and the peel becomes thicker and has more slag.
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