Pepper Disease Prevention and Control Technology

The diseases that endanger the pepper are mainly virus diseases, epidemics, bacterial scab, powdery mildew, anthrax and so on. When the above diseases occur seriously, it will lead to an unrequited harvest. In the past, prevention and control of chili diseases were mostly disease prevention and medication. In addition to confusion in medication, it will not only increase strength. The cost of prevention and control, and missed the critical period of prevention and control, the control effect is poor. Studies in recent years have proven that based on the conditions of disease prevention and the use of agents for prevention and treatment, the results are good. One is to use 46% virus to clear soluble powder and other antiviral agents to prevent viral diseases; the other is to use 70% black enamel WP to prevent epidemic diseases and soil-borne diseases: The third is to use 55% Kam Tin wettable powder to prevent bacterial spot disease. . And governance powdery mildew, anthrax. Application of "three drugs" matching, according to the main diseases of the disease in the field, seize the key period of prevention and treatment, rational use of drugs, system control in order to achieve better control effect. 1. Characteristics of main diseases (1) Capsicum virus disease is caused by infection with cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). CMV is mainly transmitted by locusts, etc., and eventually emerges and is now deformed; TMV is mainly caused by sap infection, resulting in mosaic, necrosis, deciduous, falling and fruit dropping. Once infected, the incidence is extremely high and spreads rapidly, generally causing 3 - 60% reduction in production. Bell pepper varieties are highly susceptible to disease, and the loss caused by seedling disease is the most serious. (2) Pepper blight is a fungal disease caused by Phytophthora infestans. Seedling stage, adult stage can be victimized, roots, stems, leaves, fruits can be the disease, the previous root, stem disease caused by dead seedlings, infection in the middle and late often cause the death of the whole plant. During the period of transplanting, the disease spreads quickly and is easy to infect. It will cause large dead plants, and even the fields will be heavier. The spores of pathogens will spread quickly and prosperously, and they will quickly spread into disasters and losses. (3) Bacterial bacterial spot disease of pepper, commonly known as "deciduous leafhopper," is a bacterial disease that commonly occurs on peppers and often causes a large amount of fallen leaves, fallen flowers, and fruit drop in the early stage, which affects the yield. If the lesions on the leaves do not form sores in the long-term high-temperature and high-humidity conditions, they quickly expand into leaf margin scorch or many small spots on the leaves, and then cause a large number of leaves to fall off. In addition, heavy patches, wetlands, and poorly growing A-blocks are more severe. (4) Pepper powdery mildew is an important disease in the greenhouse. It causes the dried leaves of peppers to drier and falls, and the whole plant is seriously drained. The disease usually forms a layer of mildew on the back of the leaf, with a pale yellow spot on the front. In the case of moderate temperature and low relative humidity, the incidence is heavy and the incidence rate is high, which has a great impact on the yield. (5) Pepper anthracnose is one of the important diseases during the fruiting period of pepper. The disease mainly harms the fruit, especially mature fruits. When it is serious, it will cause a lot of rot in the fruit and it will have a great impact on the yield. Conidia are mainly spread by wind and rain and insects. After the conidia germinated, they invaded the wound and reinfected several times. High temperature and rainy weather, high humidity in the field, and excessive nitrogen fertilizer can aggravate the disease. 2. Occurrence of main pepper damage during the seedling stage Pepper disease virus infects pepper at the seedling stage, causing the most serious losses; the infection of the disease takes a long time, and the whole plant is easily infected with the disease at the seedling and adult stages of the pepper. Death, the loss is greater: prosperous long-term prone to bacterial speck disease; flourishing fruit susceptible to powdery mildew infection hazards, resulting in a large number of fallen leaves in the late, falling, fruit drop; fruiting maturity prone to anthrax, causing a lot of rotten fruit. The five main diseases of pepper can only be prevented and can not be cured. It is necessary to start with prevention and carry out systematic prevention and control. Targeted use of "three drugs against five diseases" and concurrent treatment of other diseases can achieve higher control efficiency. 3. Prevention and control techniques (1) Prevention of chili virus disease and epidemic disease at the seedling stage. Since seedbeds are relatively concentrated at the seedling stage, they are better managed, more labor-saving, provincial-protective, and more effective. Cucumber mosaic virus disease (CMV) is transmitted by aphids, so it is important to pay attention to the control of aphids during the seedling stage. Based on the prevention and control of insect transmission, the pepper seedlings were sprayed with 46% virus-soluble soluble powder 800 times from the 5th leaf stage, and then poured once every 10-15 days. This can effectively prevent viral diseases. Spraying 70% of black peony root 500 times in 2 to 5 days before transplanting, and then transplanting with drugs, it can prevent diseases and blight, and can ensure transplanting of healthy seedlings to reduce the disease. Into the field caused a large area of ​​harm. (2) Daejeon disease prevention. According to the occurrence characteristics of die-casting pepper seedlings in Datian period, it should be poured 3 times in 5 days after transplanting, and 70% of Heidaiqing WP 500 times liquid, 50 ml per plant, should be effective in preventing dead seedlings. , Interval 10-15 days to apply again. Wang long-term foliar spray once 46% virus clear 800 times, can effectively prevent viral diseases celery. Deficiency syndrome: When you first see bacterial spot or powdery spot when the fruit is early. Should be timely with 55% Kam Tin wettable powder 500 liquid for foliar, leaf back (spraying powdery mildew spraying leaf back) spray, can effectively prevent bacterial spot disease, powdery mildew and anthrax. Severe disease fields or greenhouses, spraying once every 10 days, 2-3 consecutive applications. It can effectively reduce the loss caused by chili diseases. The above three kinds of medicaments can not be mixed, and can not be mixed with other medicaments and foliar fertilizers. The interval of administration of each medicament is 5-7 days.

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