Experts say that the new national standard of dairy industry has been affected by
2021-08-12 11:04:06
Experts said that the new national standard has been regressed for 25 years. It can be regarded as the worst in the world. The shame of the dairy industry has been formulated to be interfered with by dairy companies.
The quiet dairy industry has been resurrected.
Recently, Wang Dingmian, chairman of the Guangzhou Dairy Association, which is known as the "cannon of the dairy industry," said that China's dairy industry standards have been "abducted by individual large companies and are the world's worst standards." These words are like a stone that overturned milk and set off a saliva warfare of "a new national standard for China's dairy industry."
The secretary-general of Inner Mongolia Dairy Association Naadamud responded that the current dairy industry standard is "maintaining the interests of dairy farmers, determined by China's national conditions."
At one time, the two sides debated endlessly. Not only did the dispute over the new national standard of the dairy industry, which set off an uproar last year, enter a new round of climax, but it also confuses consumers and discerns the facts: Pasteur milk vs. normal milk, consumers VS dairy farmers, dairy companies, standards Who should be tilted to the lever? What is the quality of Chinese dairy products? Where should China's dairy industry go?
The new national standard has been regressed for 25 years?
"I agree with Wang Dingmian's point of view that the new national standard on the reduction of raw milk standards is a step backward and is the lowest in the world!" Professor Nan Qingxian, a doctoral supervisor at China Agricultural University and an executive member of the China Dairy Association, accepted the "China Economic Weekly" †If you think during the interview.
In 1986, the "Standard for the Acquisition of Fresh Milk" (the old national standard) stipulated that the minimum value of raw milk protein was 2.95 grams per 100 grams, and the total number of bacteria was no more than 500,000 per milliliter. The new “Fresh Milk Acquisition Standard†(ie, the new national standard) implemented in June 2010 reduced the lower limit of protein content per 100 grams of raw milk from 2.95 grams to 2.80 grams. The total number of colonies was changed to 2 million per milliliter. The lowest value of foreign raw milk protein was significantly higher than that of China, 3.8 grams in New Zealand, and more than 3.2 grams in Europe and the United States. Therefore, only Wang Dingmian shelled: "In the past, China's milk quality standards were not high in the world. Today, the total number of bacteria has increased by 1.5 million per milliliter compared with that before 2010, and the protein content is The 100 grams is reduced by 0.15 grams, which is the worst standard in the world and the shame of the world dairy industry!"
“What puzzles me is that after 25 years of development, the level of science and technology has improved, and economic life is better than before. How can we lower the standard to such a low level? If it is purely numerical, even 25 Not years ago! In all the major dairy countries in the world, the raw milk protein content standard is at least 3.0 or more, and the total number of colonies is 100,000 in the United States, the European Union, and 30,000 in Denmark. This new standard will be the standard in China and developed countries. Pulling even more open is a serious retrogression to the development of China's dairy industry!†Nan Qingxian told China Economic Weekly.
Contrary to this point of view, the Secretary-General of Inner Mongolia Dairy Association Nadamaud said: “In our country, 72% of dairy cows are raised by individual households. The milk produced in most parts of the northern part of the country cannot reach the original 2.95 in terms of protein content. What is the problem? Dairy companies to implement according to the 2.95 national standard, then such milk must be drained!" He believes that the new national standard of dairy products in line with China's national conditions, if the implementation of higher standards will cause 70% of dairy farmers to kill cattle poured milk.
At present, China's dairy industry is in its infancy, and China's national conditions have determined that China's dairy products cannot reach a relatively high level. Therefore, reducing relevant standards is conducive to the development of the industry; otherwise, according to higher standards, milk supply will be tighter and quality milk sources will be even less. Similarly, Jin Hai, the standing director of the association, later stated that "everyone has milk drinking more important than the milk standard."
In this regard, Wang Dingmiao sharply retorted: “The new national standard lowering standards will eventually bring about the monopoly of a few dairy industry oligarchs. Some large enterprises that operate under normal temperature milk can acquire more raw milk and thus have sufficient resources to occupy the market. The further reduction in the quality of Pap's grandma milk source, which will ultimately affect market expansion and aggravate monopoly."
The "Civil War" of room temperature milk and pasteurized milk
In general, freshly squeezed milk is not suitable for drinking and is not easy to store. Therefore, the milk that is consumed daily must be processed and the milk produced using different processing methods has obvious differences.
The so-called pasteurized milk is milk processed by means of low-temperature sterilization in the range of 72°C to 85°C. It retains the active protein and nutrients of milk to the maximum extent possible. Normal temperature milk uses 135 °C ~ 152 °C high temperature to kill all bacteria in milk, the advantage is long shelf life, can be stored at room temperature for more than a month.
An industry source told reporters that Pasteur milk has been in the global dairy consumer market for many years, and it is still the leading product of milk consumption in more than 95% of countries worldwide. In China, the situation is very subtle. At present, room temperature milk accounts for more than 80% of the domestic market share, while the pasteurized milk market gradually shrinks, occupying less than 20%. Pasteurized milk is mainly concentrated around the cities in the south. Today, there are only Fujian Changfu, Jiangxi Sunshine, Nanjing Weigang, Beijing Sanyuan, and Shanghai Guangming. The representatives of the normal temperature milk are the two giants Mengniu and Yili.
The reporters once called Guangming, Mengniu, Sanyuan and other companies, and all major companies declined to interview. In an interview with China Economic Weekly, Yili said: First of all, what must be clarified is that the 2010 new national standard (GB19301-2010) that the media is paying attention to is actually replaced by the 2003 Sanitary Standard for Fresh Milk (GB19301-2003). . It stipulates the hygiene standards for raw milk and raw goat milk. Although it is directly related to the quality of products directly consumed by consumers, it cannot be drawn as an equal sign. At present, the new national standard has undergone meticulous research. The Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture have invited experts from various fields and various dairy companies such as Guangming, Sanyuan, Mengniu, and Yili to fully demonstrate and implement such national standards. The industry, the standardized development of the dairy industry, and the consumption of stable and reliable dairy products by consumers are all good, and at the same time protect the interests of millions of dairy farmers, which is formulated in accordance with China's national conditions.
In the dairy industry, the struggle between the pasteurized milk pie and the constant temperature milk pie has never ceased, and the struggle between the two major parties for formulating the “speech right†of the national standard for the dairy industry has also fought for many years. Since 2004, the two major groups have focused on the dark slashing sword of the “prohibition order†of the dairy industry. After the melamine incident, the country plans to reformulate and revise the new national standard of the dairy industry. During the process of formulating and revising the dairy industry, the competition between the two major schools is once again heating up. Among them, the Southern School is a pasteurized milk camp represented by Wang Dingmian, insisting on formulating standards based on Pap's grandma milk source standards and questioning the new national standard; the northern part is the normal temperature milk camp represented by Inner Mongolia Dairy Association Jinhai and Nadamud. Under the banner of “maintaining the interests of dairy farmers and conforming to the national conditionsâ€, the new national standard is supported. “There are actually two major associations and two major interest groups behind the two camps. This is a well-known fact in the industry,†said an insider of the Dairy Association.
According to Chen Junshi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a researcher at the Nutrition and Food Safety Institute of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, there are three reasons why Changwen Milk has a huge market share in China: First, the progress in dairy processing technology has enabled China to have the ability to produce normal-temperature milk on a large scale; Market demand, China's small and medium-sized cities and rural dairy consumption capacity is huge, easy-to-transport, long-term storage of room temperature milk is more easy to sell; Third, China's main milk production areas are mainly distributed in the north, and the milk production in these areas is generally Supply exceeds demand, the finished product needs to be exported to the southern region.
According to the reporter’s understanding, as the pasteurized milk needs resource allocation from the production source to the transportation and storage, and from the factory to the sales, the relative investment is large and it is easy to bring financial pressure to the company. Some local leading enterprises that are longer than the pasteurized milk have sufficient milk. When it comes to the source, we will also choose to build strong normal milk rather than continue to expand the share of pasteurized milk, such as Shanghai Guangming and Beijing Sanyuan. At present, the ratio of pasteurized milk to room temperature milk in the Chinese market is 2:8. The development rate of pasteurized milk is the slowest in liquid milk, and the market growth rate is only 2% to 3%, while room temperature milk, yogurt and milk containing milk Drinks increased by more than 15%. Yili also said in an interview with reporters that the processing of room temperature milk and pasteurized milk can meet the nutritional needs of consumers. However, room temperature milk has a longer shelf life and is more suitable for promotion in second-tier cities.
Who pays for the interests of the consumers? "I'm not too good to pasteurize nor criticize the normal temperature milk, both have their own advantages and disadvantages. But the introduction of new standards allow the industry to regress, so that consumer confidence in the domestic dairy industry once again suffered a heavy blow, has fallen into At the end of the valley, the entire industry has been damaged." Nan Qingxian told China Economic Weekly.
It is reported that at present, the Ministry of Agriculture is embarking on formulating raw milk grading standards, and the Ministry of Health is also following up on the evaluation of the implementation of national standards for dairy safety according to law, and will further revise and improve the standards based on follow-up evaluation opinions. However, Nan Qingxian told reporters that the formulation of the new national standard has been disturbed by enterprises from beginning to end; the most representative details are that the new national standard initially attracted large enterprises such as Mengniu and Yili, and Wang Zhutian, head of the expert drafting group It also recognizes that the new national standard is "the product of the coordination of the interests of all parties."
“Of course, the national conditions of the dairy industry need to be taken into consideration. The interests of individual dairy farmers need to be taken care of. However, the physical health of the people needs protection, and the national physical quality needs improvement. I think we should start from the source and use modern science and technology to teach dairy farmers scientific breeding. The state should also subsidize dairy farmers based on the number of milk products, encourage them to improve their equipment, improve their skills, raise their farming standards, and ensure high standards for raw milk, not for the interests of the so-called dairy farmers and the interests of enterprises. This is a game!†said Nan Qingxian. .
On the Internet, the negative effects of the debate on the new national standard have also been multiplying. "Who should I believe?" "It's not as good as drinking boiled milk with low standards!" "This industry is too messy!"
In this regard, Prof. Lin Jingxin of the Institute of Public Communications of Sun Yat-sen University stated that after experiencing various dairy safety accidents in the past, consumers’ confidence in domestic dairy products would have been lost, and all the arguments have been exhausted. Now, endless debates will only increasingly undermine consumer confidence and The degree of trust in the industry, "the spread of this negative effect will also have a chain effect, such as consumer confidence in the dairy products and the loss of trust, may spread to other food industries."
In various interests games, the interests of consumers seem to be ignored. "Don't let the public cry for the milk standard for backwards." One netizen said on Weibo.
The quiet dairy industry has been resurrected.
Recently, Wang Dingmian, chairman of the Guangzhou Dairy Association, which is known as the "cannon of the dairy industry," said that China's dairy industry standards have been "abducted by individual large companies and are the world's worst standards." These words are like a stone that overturned milk and set off a saliva warfare of "a new national standard for China's dairy industry."
The secretary-general of Inner Mongolia Dairy Association Naadamud responded that the current dairy industry standard is "maintaining the interests of dairy farmers, determined by China's national conditions."
At one time, the two sides debated endlessly. Not only did the dispute over the new national standard of the dairy industry, which set off an uproar last year, enter a new round of climax, but it also confuses consumers and discerns the facts: Pasteur milk vs. normal milk, consumers VS dairy farmers, dairy companies, standards Who should be tilted to the lever? What is the quality of Chinese dairy products? Where should China's dairy industry go?
The new national standard has been regressed for 25 years?
"I agree with Wang Dingmian's point of view that the new national standard on the reduction of raw milk standards is a step backward and is the lowest in the world!" Professor Nan Qingxian, a doctoral supervisor at China Agricultural University and an executive member of the China Dairy Association, accepted the "China Economic Weekly" †If you think during the interview.
In 1986, the "Standard for the Acquisition of Fresh Milk" (the old national standard) stipulated that the minimum value of raw milk protein was 2.95 grams per 100 grams, and the total number of bacteria was no more than 500,000 per milliliter. The new “Fresh Milk Acquisition Standard†(ie, the new national standard) implemented in June 2010 reduced the lower limit of protein content per 100 grams of raw milk from 2.95 grams to 2.80 grams. The total number of colonies was changed to 2 million per milliliter. The lowest value of foreign raw milk protein was significantly higher than that of China, 3.8 grams in New Zealand, and more than 3.2 grams in Europe and the United States. Therefore, only Wang Dingmian shelled: "In the past, China's milk quality standards were not high in the world. Today, the total number of bacteria has increased by 1.5 million per milliliter compared with that before 2010, and the protein content is The 100 grams is reduced by 0.15 grams, which is the worst standard in the world and the shame of the world dairy industry!"
“What puzzles me is that after 25 years of development, the level of science and technology has improved, and economic life is better than before. How can we lower the standard to such a low level? If it is purely numerical, even 25 Not years ago! In all the major dairy countries in the world, the raw milk protein content standard is at least 3.0 or more, and the total number of colonies is 100,000 in the United States, the European Union, and 30,000 in Denmark. This new standard will be the standard in China and developed countries. Pulling even more open is a serious retrogression to the development of China's dairy industry!†Nan Qingxian told China Economic Weekly.
Contrary to this point of view, the Secretary-General of Inner Mongolia Dairy Association Nadamaud said: “In our country, 72% of dairy cows are raised by individual households. The milk produced in most parts of the northern part of the country cannot reach the original 2.95 in terms of protein content. What is the problem? Dairy companies to implement according to the 2.95 national standard, then such milk must be drained!" He believes that the new national standard of dairy products in line with China's national conditions, if the implementation of higher standards will cause 70% of dairy farmers to kill cattle poured milk.
At present, China's dairy industry is in its infancy, and China's national conditions have determined that China's dairy products cannot reach a relatively high level. Therefore, reducing relevant standards is conducive to the development of the industry; otherwise, according to higher standards, milk supply will be tighter and quality milk sources will be even less. Similarly, Jin Hai, the standing director of the association, later stated that "everyone has milk drinking more important than the milk standard."
In this regard, Wang Dingmiao sharply retorted: “The new national standard lowering standards will eventually bring about the monopoly of a few dairy industry oligarchs. Some large enterprises that operate under normal temperature milk can acquire more raw milk and thus have sufficient resources to occupy the market. The further reduction in the quality of Pap's grandma milk source, which will ultimately affect market expansion and aggravate monopoly."
The "Civil War" of room temperature milk and pasteurized milk
In general, freshly squeezed milk is not suitable for drinking and is not easy to store. Therefore, the milk that is consumed daily must be processed and the milk produced using different processing methods has obvious differences.
The so-called pasteurized milk is milk processed by means of low-temperature sterilization in the range of 72°C to 85°C. It retains the active protein and nutrients of milk to the maximum extent possible. Normal temperature milk uses 135 °C ~ 152 °C high temperature to kill all bacteria in milk, the advantage is long shelf life, can be stored at room temperature for more than a month.
An industry source told reporters that Pasteur milk has been in the global dairy consumer market for many years, and it is still the leading product of milk consumption in more than 95% of countries worldwide. In China, the situation is very subtle. At present, room temperature milk accounts for more than 80% of the domestic market share, while the pasteurized milk market gradually shrinks, occupying less than 20%. Pasteurized milk is mainly concentrated around the cities in the south. Today, there are only Fujian Changfu, Jiangxi Sunshine, Nanjing Weigang, Beijing Sanyuan, and Shanghai Guangming. The representatives of the normal temperature milk are the two giants Mengniu and Yili.
The reporters once called Guangming, Mengniu, Sanyuan and other companies, and all major companies declined to interview. In an interview with China Economic Weekly, Yili said: First of all, what must be clarified is that the 2010 new national standard (GB19301-2010) that the media is paying attention to is actually replaced by the 2003 Sanitary Standard for Fresh Milk (GB19301-2003). . It stipulates the hygiene standards for raw milk and raw goat milk. Although it is directly related to the quality of products directly consumed by consumers, it cannot be drawn as an equal sign. At present, the new national standard has undergone meticulous research. The Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture have invited experts from various fields and various dairy companies such as Guangming, Sanyuan, Mengniu, and Yili to fully demonstrate and implement such national standards. The industry, the standardized development of the dairy industry, and the consumption of stable and reliable dairy products by consumers are all good, and at the same time protect the interests of millions of dairy farmers, which is formulated in accordance with China's national conditions.
In the dairy industry, the struggle between the pasteurized milk pie and the constant temperature milk pie has never ceased, and the struggle between the two major parties for formulating the “speech right†of the national standard for the dairy industry has also fought for many years. Since 2004, the two major groups have focused on the dark slashing sword of the “prohibition order†of the dairy industry. After the melamine incident, the country plans to reformulate and revise the new national standard of the dairy industry. During the process of formulating and revising the dairy industry, the competition between the two major schools is once again heating up. Among them, the Southern School is a pasteurized milk camp represented by Wang Dingmian, insisting on formulating standards based on Pap's grandma milk source standards and questioning the new national standard; the northern part is the normal temperature milk camp represented by Inner Mongolia Dairy Association Jinhai and Nadamud. Under the banner of “maintaining the interests of dairy farmers and conforming to the national conditionsâ€, the new national standard is supported. “There are actually two major associations and two major interest groups behind the two camps. This is a well-known fact in the industry,†said an insider of the Dairy Association.
According to Chen Junshi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a researcher at the Nutrition and Food Safety Institute of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, there are three reasons why Changwen Milk has a huge market share in China: First, the progress in dairy processing technology has enabled China to have the ability to produce normal-temperature milk on a large scale; Market demand, China's small and medium-sized cities and rural dairy consumption capacity is huge, easy-to-transport, long-term storage of room temperature milk is more easy to sell; Third, China's main milk production areas are mainly distributed in the north, and the milk production in these areas is generally Supply exceeds demand, the finished product needs to be exported to the southern region.
According to the reporter’s understanding, as the pasteurized milk needs resource allocation from the production source to the transportation and storage, and from the factory to the sales, the relative investment is large and it is easy to bring financial pressure to the company. Some local leading enterprises that are longer than the pasteurized milk have sufficient milk. When it comes to the source, we will also choose to build strong normal milk rather than continue to expand the share of pasteurized milk, such as Shanghai Guangming and Beijing Sanyuan. At present, the ratio of pasteurized milk to room temperature milk in the Chinese market is 2:8. The development rate of pasteurized milk is the slowest in liquid milk, and the market growth rate is only 2% to 3%, while room temperature milk, yogurt and milk containing milk Drinks increased by more than 15%. Yili also said in an interview with reporters that the processing of room temperature milk and pasteurized milk can meet the nutritional needs of consumers. However, room temperature milk has a longer shelf life and is more suitable for promotion in second-tier cities.
Who pays for the interests of the consumers? "I'm not too good to pasteurize nor criticize the normal temperature milk, both have their own advantages and disadvantages. But the introduction of new standards allow the industry to regress, so that consumer confidence in the domestic dairy industry once again suffered a heavy blow, has fallen into At the end of the valley, the entire industry has been damaged." Nan Qingxian told China Economic Weekly.
It is reported that at present, the Ministry of Agriculture is embarking on formulating raw milk grading standards, and the Ministry of Health is also following up on the evaluation of the implementation of national standards for dairy safety according to law, and will further revise and improve the standards based on follow-up evaluation opinions. However, Nan Qingxian told reporters that the formulation of the new national standard has been disturbed by enterprises from beginning to end; the most representative details are that the new national standard initially attracted large enterprises such as Mengniu and Yili, and Wang Zhutian, head of the expert drafting group It also recognizes that the new national standard is "the product of the coordination of the interests of all parties."
“Of course, the national conditions of the dairy industry need to be taken into consideration. The interests of individual dairy farmers need to be taken care of. However, the physical health of the people needs protection, and the national physical quality needs improvement. I think we should start from the source and use modern science and technology to teach dairy farmers scientific breeding. The state should also subsidize dairy farmers based on the number of milk products, encourage them to improve their equipment, improve their skills, raise their farming standards, and ensure high standards for raw milk, not for the interests of the so-called dairy farmers and the interests of enterprises. This is a game!†said Nan Qingxian. .
On the Internet, the negative effects of the debate on the new national standard have also been multiplying. "Who should I believe?" "It's not as good as drinking boiled milk with low standards!" "This industry is too messy!"
In this regard, Prof. Lin Jingxin of the Institute of Public Communications of Sun Yat-sen University stated that after experiencing various dairy safety accidents in the past, consumers’ confidence in domestic dairy products would have been lost, and all the arguments have been exhausted. Now, endless debates will only increasingly undermine consumer confidence and The degree of trust in the industry, "the spread of this negative effect will also have a chain effect, such as consumer confidence in the dairy products and the loss of trust, may spread to other food industries."
In various interests games, the interests of consumers seem to be ignored. "Don't let the public cry for the milk standard for backwards." One netizen said on Weibo.
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