Arugula cultivation technology
The arugula is called a rare vegetable with a health care type. It is also known as a mustard, rocket lettuce, salad, purple mustard, and smelly vegetables. Because the whole plant has a strong sesame flavor, it is named arugula. The main edible stem leaves and buds, can be fried, salad, soup or dipping sauce raw, soft taste, delicious, when eating, there is a sesame aroma. The production cycle is short and the output is high. The greenhouse can be planted for 6 to 9 days a year with considerable benefits. According to the cultivation experience of some vegetable farmers in the southern part of our province, the author introduced the cultivation techniques as follows:
First, living habits
The arugula belongs to a leafy vegetable with a warm and warm climate. It prefers light, but it does not require strict light conditions. It grows rapidly under medium light conditions, and it has moist and moist soil conditions. The stem and leaf are most suitable for growing temperatures. The daytime temperature is 18°C～23°C. At around 10°C at night, it has a wide adaptability to soil.
Second, the cultivation method
Arugula cultivation methods are: soil cultivation, hydroponics and sprout cultivation three. Can be planted in protected areas and open fields. In the northern region, annual planting can be achieved and annual supply can be achieved. The sowing period can be arranged according to the local climate, planting habits and consumer demand in all regions, and the sowing period should be arranged in succession.
Third, species selection
The main varieties include mosaic arugula, stalked arugula, northeast arugula, and wild arugula. According to the shape of the arugula, there are the leaves and the leaves. The leaves of the mosaic type are deep-split and have a long growing period. The leaves are dark green. The variety of the mosaic is currently the most common type of arugula planted; The arugula is not cracked, the growth period is shorter and the taste is slightly lighter.
Fourth, soil preparation
After selecting the land, turn the land deeply and apply 3,000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer as base fertilizer. After mixing, level the ground and make it 1.3 meters. Direct sowing is generally used. 1.3 meters wide flat open shallow ditch 8 lines, acres with 1.5 kg. When sowing, 2~3 times fine soil and seeds can be mixed and then sown. Slightly sow after sowing, then water. Generally 4 to 5 days can be Qimiao. Harvested young seedlings are listed on the live broadcast; harvested foodstuffs are mainly seedling transplants, and the transplant spacing is 20 centimeters and 30 centimeters.
V. Field Management
After emergence, combine the seedlings, shallow cultivating once, and then cultivating 2 times later, and pay attention to the timely removal of weeds in the field, keep the soil moist during the growth period, and use the principle of water pouring. The cultivation of greenhouses should pay attention to the adjustment of temperature and light, winter warming, arugula seedlings with 2 to 3 leaves can be combined with young plants harvesting seedlings and Dingmiao, pull out the weak seedlings, inferior seedlings, and clear the field weeds. After completion of the seedlings, the plants are growing up as top-dressing fertilizers, and topdressing fertilizers, such as urea or compound fertilizers, are mainly used for top-dressing fertilizers. Fertilizers are topped every 7 days. Arugula has a high water demand and should keep the soil moist during growth.
VI. Pest Control
Diseases of arugula are mainly sclerotial sclerotia. Sclerotinia occurs throughout the growth period, and the loss of seedlings is heavy. In the shed, infection is caused by the contact of hyphae and diseased plants on the diseased tissue, which spreads the disease. The mycelial growth is suitable for a wide range of temperature, but it is not resistant to dryness, and a relative humidity of more than 85% is conducive to disease. In addition, diseased seedlings can be transported and transplanted to increase transmission. In the initial stage of disease, the diseased tissue can be removed at any time and chemical control can be carried out in time. 65% Tamyroxil wettable powder 600 times or 50% polymyxin wettable powder 700 times or 40% sclerotium wettable powder 1200 times can be used. Spray, control 1 time in 7 days.
Insect pests mainly include yellow song strips, diamondback moths and aphids. The first two can be sprayed with 40.7% of Le Siben 1500 times liquid, and 600 to 800 times of fleas. In the high temperature and rainy summer cultivation, leaf spot disease is more likely to occur, and 25% carbendazim wettable powder can be used for 600-800 times spray control. The aphids can be sprayed with 25% Aktai water dispersible granules 4000 to 6000 times liquid or 50% anti-indolyl dispersible WP (2000-3000 times), and silver gray film can also be laid in the vegetable plots. Hanging silver-grey strips to repel aphids.
Seven, timely harvest
Arugula grows rapidly and timely harvesting is the key to high yield and quality. Arugula can be harvested outside the leaves, dishes or pull out the whole plant. When the seedlings are about 20 cm tall, they can be harvested once in conjunction with the seedlings. 35 days after sowing, all can be harvested, and harvesting of leeks generally begins 50 days after the start of seedlings.
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