A kind of two-income cultivation technique for watermelon in autumn and winter

The small watermelon gift is popular with consumers for its small size, beautiful appearance and good taste. It was listed during the National Day, Mid-Autumn Festival and New Year's Day. From 2002 to 2003, the author used greenhouses to plant vines and achieved good results. The technique is summarized below. First, varieties. We have selected varieties with high quality, strong resistance, suitable for dense planting, such as black beauty, gold beauty, Hong Xiaoyu, Huang Xiaoyu and so on. Second, planting technology 1, nursery time. The nursery is generally started on July 20. 2, nutrition soil preparation. According to pastoral soil: proportion of composting fertilizer = 7:3, 0.5 kg of diammonium per nutrient soil, 100% of 50% carbendazim, and 7 days of stacking before sowing. . 3, seed treatment. This technology adopts grafting cultivation, uses the gourd as the rootstock to carry on the grafting to the watermelon, separately soaks the rootstock, the scion seed with the 60°C warm soup for 10 minutes before sowing, then soaks in the 30°C warm water for 6-8 hours, after hyacinth germination broadcasts in the nutrition pod . After 7 days the watermelon was sown in the sand tray. 4, nursery grafting. 4 days after sowing, watermelon was grafted, and then the greenhouse film was added to protect the seedlings from high temperature and rain damage. The direct sunlight caused damage to the scion, and the two groups of contradictions, namely the coordinated moisturizing and releasing the wind, and the weak light and the strong light, were observed. 5, seedling management. Seedlings should be prevented against leggy and pest-infested diseases. When scions survive, they will be sprayed with 1,200 times of Miao disease to prevent epidemic diseases and carbon sickness, and 50% virus A500-fold foliar spray will be used to prevent viral diseases. Third, soil preparation and fertilization. Due to the fact that the watermelon of the gift is not cultivating, the density is higher, and the amount of basal fertilizer is higher. 5000 kg of perisha is used for rot and rot, 3-5 times of chicken manure is used, and 50 kg of scatter is added. Fourth, timely and reasonable planting. When the scion grows to 3 leaves and 1 heart, it is colonized and ridged before colonization. The ridge back is 70 cm wide and the bottom is 90 cm wide. The distance between two ridges is 50 cm. The ridges are double-rowed. The ridges are 50 cm above the ridge. A large row of 70 centimeters is formed and the spacing between the seedlings on the ridge is 30 centimeters. The colonization period is August 5-10. Fifth, field management 1, temperature management. In the pre-growth period, when the temperature exceeds 34°C, the shade film on the greenhouse film should be covered to prevent the temperature from becoming too high, or to cause virus disease. During the middle and late growth periods, the greenhouse film is closed when the temperature is lower than 15°C. 2, fertilizer and water management. After planting the guava planting, the vine spread, 8 kg per acre and sprinkler can be used as a seedling fertilizer, 15 kg of young fruit during the pouring and scattering, and 10 kg of urea during the fruit expansion period, and 20 kg of potassium sulfate. Foliar application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the better. 3, lead vine pruning. The greenhouse gift watermelon vine vine cultivation, the use of double vine pruning method, the two vines on the lead, the election left the third female flower sitting melon, melon sit stable, each plant left a fruit shape melon. During the expansion of the melon, take care to knock out the upper side of the vine. When the melon weighs 0.5 kg, hang it up with a mesh bag in time to prevent it from falling. 4, pest control. Greenhouse small watermelon in the early stage to prevent virus disease, melon expansion stage to prevent carbon sickness, disease-based. It can be sprayed with 20% virus A500 times to control virus disease, and 1200 times liquid spray can be used to prevent disease. 6. Harvesting. Gift watermelons need 28 days from pollination to maturity and should be harvested in time. Seven and two melon production. Once the melons are harvested, the old vines should be cut off in time, leaving two lateral buds from the base to grow into new vines, and sparse the excess lateral branches. It is worth mentioning that the first time the melon was harvested during the Mid-Autumn Festival and the National Day, and the second melon was harvested in November, and the outside temperature was reduced. The greenhouse must be covered with straw insulation to ensure the temperature needed for growth and development of the young melon. Watermelon is normally mature and listed on New Year's Day.

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