Soybean efficient planting technology
First, the main technical points of early maturing
Selection of varieties: Taiwan 48, early crown, Jinfeng II, Liao fresh, 95-1 and other early maturing varieties, can be taken in mid-to early March in the middle and small shed plus mulching method, or with film heating seedlings Planting methods for cultivation.
1. One week before planting, 500 tons of manure or 500 tons of compound fertilizer per acre is applied, and 48% trifluralin is used to cover the canopy at the same time.
2, moderate close planting. When the temperature in the shed is 5 centimeters deep and the temperature exceeds 12°C, select the cold tail warmer to sow the crop. Generally 20 cm high and 1.2 m wide, each hole is about 20-25 cm from 3 holes, and 2 plants per hole are planted with 2-3 seeds. The sowing volume per acre is 10-15 pounds. After sowing, the entire sorghum is covered with a layer of plastic film. More than 13,000 seedlings per mu.
3, clever management and fertilizer. After the cotyledon of the seedlings, the mulching film was peeled off and one cultivating tillage was performed. In case of low temperature and cold wave, strengthen cold and warm measures. Continuous rainy weather timely dredge the ditch around the shed to prevent damage. When the temperature in the shed reaches 25 °C or more, timely ventilation and ventilation. During the flowering period, the greenhouse temperature is maintained at 23-29°C, the night temperature is 17-23°C, and the relative humidity is about 75%. During the flowering stage, watering should be done to keep the soil moist. In early flowering period, 25-35 pounds of available nitrogen fertilizer can be applied per acre, and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution plus 1% urea solution can be applied to the leaves for 2-3 times, which can effectively increase the number of pods and promote grain expansion.
4, timely control of pests and diseases. At the seedling stage, spraying with 50% Lufen Wu wettable powder or 2.5% hydrogen bromide EC 2000-3000 times liquid sprayed 2-3 times. During the flowering stage, soybean meal can be treated 2-3 times with crystal trichlorfon 800 times.
5, appropriate harvest. Shed planting can be harvested 70 days after sowing, and if it is planted from the end of February to the beginning of March, it can be harvested in mid-May.
Second, early maturing film covering cultivation techniques
Selection of varieties: Taiwan 48, early crown, Jinfeng No. 2, Liao fresh, 95-1 and other early-maturing varieties, sowing in late March, plus mulching or seedling transplanting methods. The method of fertilizing soil preparation and making crops is the same as that of early mature cultivation. Ventilation of the open field can be properly increased sowing density, with a spacing of 20-25 cm, 30-40 cm spacing is preferred, 2-3 planting 2 plants per hole sowing. Due to frequent high temperature and drought during flowering and podging, irrigation and irrigation should be particularly well done during cultivation. Timely top dressing reduces the number of falling flowers. Secondly, cultivation can be carried out from the middle of March to the middle of June in the grain-producing regions of the outer suburbs.
It is best not to continue the cultivation of green soybeans. The same plot should be separated by one to two years. The soil should be filled with organic matter that is rich in organic matter and has considerable water retention. The acid soil should be applied with lime and the common soil should be applied with 5 mu per mu. -7.5 kg of lime can reduce root diseases and promote plant growth.
In short, if Maodou wants to achieve high yields and efficiency, it must strengthen scientific management and use of fertilizers to prevent pests and diseases and achieve high and stable yields.
Third, open cultivation techniques
Selection of varieties: bean crown, starry sky, dragon jade, large grain incense, Kai Yuen No. 9, Emerald and other medium-maturing varieties.
1, sowing
The medium-maturing varieties adopt hole sowing method. Each hole is sown with 3-4 seeds. The spacing of the plants is about 30-35 cm. The shallow holes are covered and the depth is the same (3 cm deep). After the emergence of seedlings, they must make up for shortages and seedlings in time to ensure that all seedlings are seedlings. After sowing, the soil was moistened with a pre-emergent herbicide (such as ripcord, Dole, and Zenith) and the ground was leveled.
2, field management
1 During the budding period or initial flowering period, the soybeans were harvested 1-2 times according to the growing trend of the plants. Each time the amount was 5 kg/mu, they were applied around the crops. During the flowering stage and the pod stage, “beans were teased†and the amount of 75 ml per mu was used. Surface spraying twice, improving the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves, reducing the falling flowers and falling leaves, promoting the grouting and bean swell, from the emergence of soybeans to harvest, the effect of spraying “bean beans†in the whole growing period is more significant.
2 Prevention of leggy: The leggy leads to no flowering or early flowering, no pods or pods, should be controlled as appropriate to prevent madness (before the rainy season, after flowering, the plants grow too fast too fast or full bloom spraying Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Production of "dwarf" 1-2 times). After the emergence of green soybeans, soil dry and wet alternately should be kept in the field, and no water should accumulate in the ditches. According to the characteristics of the drum grain, more water is needed in the early stage of the scab grain, and attention should be paid to water irrigation. In the end of the drum grain, less water is needed, avoiding damage. Promotes grain filling.
IV. Precautions and storage methods
Please do a good job within 15 days after the purchase of the bud rate test, after the bud rate is passed, many farmers because of the batch planting of seeds for a long period of time, 2-4 months selected sunny morning 8-10 hours for 2 hours is appropriate. Choose sunny days in May-June. It is best to use cloudy weather. It is advisable to dry for 2 hours in the morning at 7-9 in the morning (not suitable for exposure) so as not to affect the germination rate.
Before sowing, please use soybean seed dressing to ensure seedlings and seedlings. After soaking with a small amount of fresh water, soak in the sun for 30 minutes to 1 hour or so. If you are planting on the same day, wear rubber gloves to prevent seeding. Poisoning, a bottle of 30 kg of seeds mixed with herbs is appropriate.
Preserve seeds, please pay special attention to prevent moisture, do not store the seeds directly on the ground, please put on the bench, it is best to store the seeds in a cool, dry, ventilated room, remember that in May-June planting, select the water conditions are good, fertile soil Planting, avoiding high temperatures, water shortages, and lack of fertilizers cause plant dwarfs to affect yield.
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