Cultivation techniques of peas

Like cold climate, cold tolerant but not heat resistant, the suitable temperature for seed germination is 18-20 ℃, seedlings can withstand a low temperature of -5 ℃, the suitable temperature for pod formation is 18-20 ℃. In order to allow everyone to better cultivate peas, we must grasp the following points:

(1) Land selection and preparation

Peas have less stringent requirements on soil conditions, and all kinds of soil can be cultivated, but lime should be applied to strong acid soils. Peas * avoid continuous cropping, at least 4-5 years of rotation. Before sowing, turn the soil deep, apply organic soil mixed fertilizer 2500-3000 kg per mu, calcium superphosphate 20-25 kg, potassium chloride 15-20 kg, * mix fertilizer and organic fertilizer. It is generally used as flat border, and low dust depressions can be used as high border. The seeds can be inoculated with rhizobia before sowing.

(2) Sowing timely and reasonable dense planting

Peas are cold and not heat resistant. Hainan can be planted in batches from mid-September to December and harvested from November to March of the following year. The local climatic conditions should be considered irregularly during the sowing period. If the sowing is too early, the early temperature is high, the stem and leaf growth is too lush, and it is susceptible to frost damage in winter; if the sowing is too late, the temperature is low, affecting the growth of the stem and leaf, small stems, branching Less, the spring rain and humid weather will be encountered soon after flowering and pod formation, affecting the yield. The sowing method is single row or wide and narrow row hole sowing or drilling, the row spacing is 50 cm or 70-80 cm wide, the narrow row is 30-40 cm, and the grain spacing is 3 -4 cm, hole spacing 30 cm, sowing 4-5 seeds per hole, total number of seedlings per acre 12,000-15,000. If the area is good, it should be sparsely broadcast, and if the ground is poor, it should be densely broadcast.

(3) Field management

At the seedling stage, the peas grow slowly and are prone to grass shortages. After emergence, topdressing 1000 kg of human and animal manure per acre to promote plant growth and increase branching, and then topdressing again in late December, using 1500 kg of human and animal manure and urine per acre, together with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, for one-time plowing and combining Cultivate soil roots to protect the root system from freezing damage. After the spring, topdressing once again, using 1000 kg of human and animal manure and urine per acre, spraying 0.2% borax and 0.3% ammonium molybdate mixture at the beginning of flowering period, has a significant increase in production.

Pea likes to be moist and afraid of drought and stagnant water. After sowing, if it is drought, it needs to be watered in time to benefit the whole seedling. The water demand in the pod formation period is large, and the water and fertilizer should be sufficient. In autumn and winter, pea should pay attention to watering and drought prevention, and spring pea should do trenching and drainage work. The vines need a bracket when they are about 30 centimeters long, which can prevent lodging, ventilate and transmit light, which is conducive to pod formation.

(4) Harvesting

The pea for pods is harvested when the pods are fully grown and the grains are not yet grown. The peas are flowering and pod-setting one after another, and harvesting will be repeated many times. Spring sowing peas began to be harvested in early April, and seedlings were pulled in early June, yielding 400 kg per mu; autumn sowing peas were harvested from early October to mid-November, yielding 300 kg per mu.

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