Anti-season cultivation technology of Pleurotus eryngii at high altitude

l Morphological characteristics 1.1 Fruiting body solitary or grouped, mushroom cover width 4 ~ 6cm, round, flattened after, slightly concave, later funnel-shaped, mature grayish-brown, lid edge volume, bacteria meat White, with almond flavor. 1.2 The pleats grow downward, milky white, stipe white, length 5 ~ 15cm, lateral, but also in the students, thick, fine apex, in the real, fine meat, fibrous, sterile ring. 2 Physiological characteristics 2.1 Temperature Temperature is an important factor that determines the growth and development of Pleurotus eryngii, but also the key to stable production. Mycelial growth temperature is 22~25°C, temperature of bud formation is 10~18°C, and optimal temperature is 12~15°C. Physical development requires 8-20 °C, the optimum is 12-16 °C, less than 8 °C, the fruiting body is difficult to differentiate, higher than 29 °C. It is easy for a fruiting body to die. 2.2 Humidity Because the water should not be sprayed on the mushroom body in the cultivation process, the moisture is mainly supplied by the culture material, so the moisture content of the culture material is 65% to 70%, which is more suitable for the occurrence and growth of the fruit body: the relative humidity of the fruiting body formation stage Requirements in the 90% to 95%, growth phase requires 85% to 90% is appropriate. 2.3 Light does not require light during the growth phase of mycelia. Mycelium grows faster in dark conditions. Scattered light is required for the formation and development of fruit bodies. The light is too strong, the mycelium becomes dark, the light is too dark, and the cap becomes white. Stipe longer. 2.4 In the air phase of mycelial growth, the air is not strict, and carbon dioxide stimulates the growth of mycelia. The primordium formation and the growth of fruit bodies require sufficient oxygen. 2.5 pH growth phase pH 4 ~ 8, the optimum pH 6.5 ~ 7.5, the pH value of 4 or less, difficult fruiting. 3 Cultivation techniques 3.1 Formulation of cultivation materials Wood chips 30%, cotton seed shell 45%, bran 22%, calcium carbonate 1%, gypsum powder 1%, lime l%. 3.2 Seasonal arrangement In mountainous areas where the altitude is more than 800m, it should be arranged for bagging in mid-August and harvesting from mid-October to April of the following year. 3.3 Strains Selection There are many strains of Pleurotus eryngii, which are mainly of the following three types. 1 Coarse and long type: The fruit body is thick and long, individual is large, the mushroom is concentrated, the yield is high, but the mushroom body is loose; 2 slender type: The fruit body is slender, the flesh is strong, the quality is good, the yield is low; 3 bowling type : The fruiting body resembles vases and bowling, with high yield and long fruiting time. Should be based on market requirements, select strains to meet the needs of merchants. 3.4 17cmX33cm Polypropylene Corner Bags for Growing Bags, each containing 0.8 to 0.85kg of wet material, 13 to 15cm of filling material, material to be compacted, sealed with sponge collar, atmospheric pressure sterilization After sterilizing at 100°C for 12 hours, it is cooled until the feed temperature drops below 28°C and inoculation is started. After inoculation, select a ventilated, cool environment and discharge 80 to 120 bags per square meter. Germ temperature control 20 ~ 25 °C. 3.5 Mushroom management The mushrooming site should be spacious and well-ventilated. After the hyphae go full bag, when the temperature drops below 16C, open the bag and pour the bag to the height of 5~6cm. , Cover the plastic film to increase the humidity of mushroom house to 90%~95%, and increase the scatter light stimulation at the same time, about 10 days, a large number of fruit bodies occur. At this time, the plastic film needs to be peeled off and the buds are to be left, and 4~5 are reserved for each bag. The mushroom can be, and keep the mushroom house dark, so that the fruiting body is white and long. 3.6 Timely Harvest When the mushroom cover is developed and the spores have not yet been ejected, it can be harvested. Usually 2 to 3 tidal mushrooms are harvested. 4 Precautions for cultivation 4.1 Pleurotus eryngii must be seasoned in bags, bagged and sterilized in order to prevent acidification of the culture materials. 4.2 Due to the unstable temperature in autumn, it is sometimes encountered. More than 18C high temperature hazards, during the fruiting period, we must do a good job of cooling, and prevent the death of mushroom buds. 4.3 Due to the large temperature difference between day and night in high mountains, it is necessary to coordinate the contradiction between light, humidity, temperature, and gas, and increase the proportion of standard mushrooms.

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